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Tag: public health
November 20, 2020
Clinical Outcomes Of A COVID-19 Vaccine: Implementation Over Efficacy
A mathematical model used to estimate the population benefits of a vaccine against COVID-19 finds that factors related to implementation will contribute more to the success of vaccination programs than a vaccine’s efficacy as determined in clinical trials. The model suggests the benefits of a vaccine will decline substantially in the event of manufacturing or…
November 19, 2020
Characterization of COVID-19 in Assisted Living Facilities — 39 States, October 2020
Based on data from health departments in 39 U.S. states, 6,440 (22%) of assisted living facilities (ALFs) reported at least one case of COVID-19 among staff or residents by October 15, 2020. 21% of ALF residents with COVID-19 died, compared to 3% among the general public: 5,469 COVID-19 deaths were reported in residents and 46…
COVID-19 Outbreak — New York City, February 29–June 1, 2020
Approximately 203,792 COVID-19 cases were diagnosed and reported among New York City residents between February and June 2020. The crude fatality rate was 9.2% among all cases and 26.6% among hospitalized cases. Among confirmed cases 75 years or older, the fatality rate was 38.3%. After adjusting for age, COVID-19 incidence, and hospitalization rates, mortality was…
The Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Public Transit Demand in the United States
Analysis of nationwide transit demand data from a widely used navigation app show that approximately half of transit systems experienced declines in demand before local community spread of COVID-19, but few transit systems reached their minimal demand before community spread was sustained. Communities with greater proportions of essential workers and African Americans or Hispanics tended…
November 17, 2020
Trends in Outpatient Care Delivery and Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US
Analysis of private insurance claims in the US (n=16,740,365 enrollees) showed a net decrease in total medical visits from January to June 2020, with the substantial decline in in-person visits partially offset by an increase in telemedicine visits. Telemedicine visits increased from 0.8 visits to 17.8 visits per 1,000 enrollees, peaking in mid-April 2020. In-person…
Continued Age Shift of Confirmed Positive COVID-19 Incidence Over Time to Children and Young Adults Washington State March – August 2020
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] A longitudinal cohort analysis in Washington State found a shift in the age distribution of confirmed COVID-19 cases from older age groups to young adults and children. From March to April 2020, there was a 10% decline in cases age 60 years and older and a 20% increase among those age…
November 16, 2020
Readability of Online COVID-19 Health Information: A Comparison between Four English Speaking Countries
A study evaluating the readability of online information from Google search results related to COVID-19 found that only 17.2% of webpages were presented at a universally-readable level. The first 20 webpage URLs for searches for “COVID”, “COVID-19”, and “coronavirus” from multiple predominantly English-speaking countries were evaluated on several readability assessment tools. There was a significant…
Outcomes for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
The outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) were worse during the first weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US than one year prior. Rates of return of spontaneous circulation were 18% lower overall than before the pandemic (aRR = 0.82), including in communities with low COVID-19 mortality. Rates of survival to discharge were also…
November 13, 2020
Estimation of US Children’s Educational Attainment and Years of Life Lost Associated With Primary School Closures During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
An analytical model estimated that closing public primary schools may be associated with an estimated 5.53 million years of life lost among US children. The authors first determined that missed instruction was associated with a mean loss of 0.31 years of final educational attainment for boys and 0.21 years for girls. By extrapolating from the…
November 12, 2020
ARS-CoV-2 Transmission among Marine Recruits during Quarantine
Among a cohort of US Marine Corps recruits who were tested on days 1-2, 7, and 14 after arrival to campus (n=1848), 16 (0.9%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by day 2, followed by 35 more (1.9%) by day 14. Genomic analysis from 32 positive recruits identified 6 clusters among 18 recruits, providing evidence for local…
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