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Tag: public health
March 12, 2021
Notes from the Field: Opioid Overdose Deaths Before, During, and After an 11-Week COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Order — Cook County, Illinois, January 1, 2018–October 6, 2020
A total of 3,843 deaths due to opioid overdose were identified in an analysis of data from Cook County, Illinois between January 2018 and October 2020, with the weekly count of deaths ranging from 12 to 52 deaths per week. Despite a stable weekly mean of 22.6 deaths per week prior to December 2019, mean…
Experiences of Latinx Individuals Hospitalized for COVID-19 A Qualitative Study
A qualitative study among Latinx adults who survived COVID-19 about their experiences before, during, and after hospitalization identified multiple themes with public health implications. Common themes identified were the prevalence of COVID-19 misinformation, COVID-19 as compounding socioeconomic disadvantages and a reluctance to seek medical care. Participants risked infection because of the need to work and…
March 11, 2021
Prevalence of COVID-19 in Adolescents and Youth Compared with Older Adults in States Experiencing Surges
COVID-19 prevalence was higher in adolescents (10-19 years) and youth (15-24 years) compared to older adults (>65 years old) in six US states that experienced a surge in cases during Summer 2020, according to data from Departments of Health. Observed COVID-19 prevalence among adolescents and youth in 4 of the 6 states were disproportionately higher…
Implementation of a Recuperation Unit and Hospitalization Rates Among People Experiencing Homelessness With COVID-19
Implementation of a novel COVID-19 Recuperation Unit (CRU) designed for people experiencing homelessness (PEH) was associated with a 28% reduction in hospitalization among COVID-19 positive PEH during a COVID-19 surge. The CRU was designed as a place where PEH diagnosed with COVID-19 who did not require hospitalization could safely quarantine. During the study period of…
March 10, 2021
SARS-COV-2 Antibody Prevalence in Patients on Dialysis in the US in January 2021
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A cross-sectional assessment of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among patients in the US receiving dialysis (n = 21,424) in January 2021 with the goal of estimating the seroprevalence in the general US adult population found that seroprevalence was 18.9% in the study sample, which translated to an estimated 18.7% in the US dialysis population,…
March 9, 2021
Case Fatality Risk of the SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern B.1.1.7 in England
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant was associated with 1.7-fold increased risk of death compared to infection with non-B.1.1.7 strains, according to UK electronic health record data collected from November 2020 to February 2021. Increased risk of death was consistent across subgroups by age, number of comorbidities, ethnicity, and deprivation index quintile….
Covid-19 in the California State Prison System An Observational Study of Decarceration Ongoing Risks and Risk Factors
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] In 9 California prisons that experienced major COVID-19 outbreaks, risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection included living in a dormitory vs. in a cell (2.5-fold risk) and living in a room with residents who participated in out-of-room labor vs. other rooms (1.6-fold). By the end of the study, 18% had high COVID-19 risk…
Performance of National COVID-19 ‘Symptom Checkers’: A Comparative Case Simulation Study
Using simulated patients designed to have signs and symptoms consistent with typical COVID-19 presentations as well as patients with conditions that can mimic COVID-19 (e.g. sepsis and bacterial pneumonia), the CDC Coronavirus Symptom Checker only successfully triaged 38% of cases to seek further health assessment. In contrast, the corresponding symptom checkers used in the UK,…
March 8, 2021
Economic Benefits of COVID-19 Screening Tests with a Vaccine Rollout
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Implementing a nationwide SARS-CoV-2 testing program in the presence of vaccine distribution was projected to potentially save 20,000 lives and increase the US GDP by 2 to 8 times the incremental cost of the tests, according to an economic model that assumed 75% of the US population would be vaccinated by August…
Outcomes and Mortality Among Adults Hospitalized With COVID-19 at US Medical Centers
A cohort study of 192,550 adults with COVID-19 admitted to US medical centers between March 1 and August 31, 2020 revealed that in-hospital mortality was 13.6% for the cohort. Mortality increased with age; 1.4% of patients aged 18 to 29 years died while 26.6% 80 years or older died. Among ICU patients, 27.8% died. However,…
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