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October 12, 2020
Global Projections of Potential Lives Saved from COVID-19 through Universal Mask Use
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] An IHME analysis found that universal mask use could lead to a reduction of 815,600 (95% UI 430,600 – 1,491,000) deaths from COVID-19 globally between August 26th 2020 and January 1st 2021. The analysis used meta-regression of 40 studies measuring the impact of mask use on respiratory viral infections, as well…
September 30, 2020
The Potential Contribution of Face Coverings to the Control of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Schools and Broader Society in the UK a Modelling Study
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A modeling study shows that adoption of masks in secondary schools and community settings under current test-trace-isolate (TTI) levels could reduce the size of a second wave in the UK but not prevent it. Under current tracing levels, and at effective mask coverage of 30%, 46% of those with symptomatic infection would…
COVID-19 among People Experiencing Homelessness in England: A Modelling Study
A modeling study found that continuing measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection among people experiencing homelessness would result in a small projected number of cases and deaths (1754 infections, 31 deaths) in the context of a second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population (June 2020 to January 2021). However, in a scenario with no…
Comparison of Infection Control Strategies to Reduce COVID-19 Outbreaks in Homeless Shelters in the United States a Simulation Study
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A microsimulation model calibrated to PCR data from outbreaks in 5 homeless shelters found that while infection control strategies can prevent outbreaks in low-risk settings, they may be unlikely to do so in high-risk settings. The model found that in shelters with low (R0 = 1.5), moderate (R0 = 2.9), and high…
Maternal Mental Health and Coping during the COVID‐19 Lockdown in the UK: Data from the COVID‐19 New Mum Study
Among surveyed women living in the UK with an infant aged ≤12 months (n=1,329), a majority reported feeling down (56%), lonely (59%), irritable (62%), and worried (71%) since the beginning of lockdown, but 70% felt able to cope. Having support with her own health, contacting infant support groups, and higher gestational age of the infant…
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Levels in Relation to Risk Factors for COVID-19 in Two Large Cohorts of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Male sex, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and biomarker indicators of biological aging were associated with higher levels of soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (sACE2) among two international cohorts of elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. Higher levels of sACE2 could reflect a higher cellular expression of ACE2, a cellular receptor by which SARS-CoV-2 enters human cells, and thus…
Risk Factors, Presentation, and Course of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Large, Academic Long-Term Care Facility
Nearly half (46%) of the 146 out of 389 residents of a long-term care facility who were diagnosed with COVID-19 were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of universal testing rather than symptom-based testing to control outbreaks. Anorexia and delirium where the most common symptoms during the course of illness. Male sex…
Association of a Prior Psychiatric Diagnosis With Mortality Among Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection
Among a cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in the US (n=1685), the risk of death remained significantly greater among patients with a psychiatric disorder after controlling for demographic characteristics, other medical comorbidities, and hospital location. Li et al. (Sept 30, 2020). Association of a Prior Psychiatric Diagnosis With Mortality Among Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus…
Risk of COVID-19-Related Death among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or Asthma Prescribed Inhaled Corticosteroids: An Observational Cohort Study Using the OpenSAFELY Platform
In a large cohort of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the UK (n=148,557), and asthma (818,490), Schultze et al. found an increased risk of COVID-19 related death associated with use of inhaled corticosteroids, compared to other commonly-used medications. The authors note that the observed increased risks could be attributed to unmeasured confounding…
Reliability of Serological Tests for COVID-19: Comparison of Three Immunochromatography Test Kits for SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies
Three commercially available serological test kits using immunochromatography (Hangzhou AllTest, SD BIOSENSOR, and Vazyme) were evaluated using identical sample sets consisting of 99 serum samples from SARS-CoV-2 positive patients and 100 serum samples from healthy volunteers in 2017. All test kits achieved >97% specificity for IgM and IgG and >97% sensitivity to IgG at 13…
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