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Tag: treatment
February 8, 2021
Genetic Conservation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Replication Complex in Globally Circulating Isolates and Recently Emerged Variants from Humans and Minks Suggests Minimal Pre-Existing Resistance to Remdesivir
A study analyzing the genetic diversity of the RNA replication complex that is targeted by the antiviral drug remdesivir in a large set of human SARS-CoV-2 isolates (n > 90,000), including the B.1.1.7 and 501.V2 variants and mink isolate (n>300) sequences, found that previously-identified amino acid substitutions that caused reduced susceptibility to remdesivir in-vitro were…
February 3, 2021
Azithromycin in Patients Admitted to Hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): A Randomised, Controlled, Open-Label, Platform Trial
A randomized open-label trial (RECOVERY) of azithromycin for COVID-19 found no significant differences in survival (rate ratio=0.97), duration of hospital stay (median 10 vs 11 days), or proportion of patients discharged from the hospital alive within 28 days (RR=1.04) between participants receiving azithromycin versus usual care. Among patients not receiving mechanical ventilation at baseline, no…
February 2, 2021
Rapid Expert Consultation on Allocating COVID-19 Monoclonal Antibody Therapies and Other Novel Therapeutics (January 29, 2021)
Around 75% of the 641,000 COVID-19 monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies allocated by the Department of Health and Human Services to states and local territories were not administered in the period before January 6, 2021. As a response, a rapid consultation by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine identified potential barriers, including the limited…
January 28, 2021
Efficacy of Colchicine in Non-Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] In a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial (n=4,159), the anti-inflammatory medication colchicine reduced the rate of COVID-19-associated hospitalization or death among high-risk participants with COVID-19 who were not yet hospitalized. Participants who received colchicine for 30 days experienced 25% lower odds of hospitalization (95% CI 0.57-0.99), but not statistically significant lower odds for…
January 22, 2021
Effect of Bamlanivimab as Monotherapy or in Combination With Etesevimab on Viral Load in Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19
In a phase 2 randomized trial with 577 adult patients with mild to moderate COVID-19, there was no significant difference in the change in SARS-CoV-2 viral load with 3 doses of bamlanivimab, an antispike monoclonal antibody, compared with a placebo. However, treatment with a combination of bamlanivimab and etesevimab, another monoclonal antibody, significantly decreased SARS-CoV-2…
January 20, 2021
SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 Escapes Neutralization by South African COVID-19 Donor Plasma
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] The spike protein mutations in the 501Y.V2 lineage first identified in South Africa conferred neutralization escape from multiple classes of SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies, including two major classes targeting an immunodominant, highly antigenic site in the receptor binding domain of the spike protein. This lineage also showed substantial or complete escape from neutralizing…
Effect of Discontinuing vs Continuing Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers on Days Alive and Out of the Hospital in Patients Admitted With COVID-19
A randomized trial (n=659) of patients hospitalized with mild to moderate COVID-19 who were taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) before hospital admission found no significant difference between the mean number of days alive and out of the hospital for those assigned to discontinue vs. continue these medications (21.9 vs. 22.9…
January 15, 2021
Clinical Outcomes From COVID-19 Following Use of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers Among Patients with Hypertension in South Korea: A Nationwide Study
Recorded use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in the 30 days preceding their COVID-19 diagnosis was not associated with all-cause mortality or respiratory events in a cohort of 682 people with hypertension who tested positive for COVID-19. ACEI/ARB use was associated with lower rates of use of mechanical ventilation,…
Corticosteroid Treatment Has No Effect on Hospital Mortality in COVID-19 Patients
Treatment with corticosteroids was not associated with in-hospital mortality among adults hospitalized with COVID-19 (n=1,444) after adjusting for confounding factors, although patients receiving steroids were less likely to be admitted to the ICU compared to patients not receiving them. The authors used propensity score matching to account for potential differences between patients who were prescribed…
January 13, 2021
Convalescent Plasma Antibody Levels and the Risk of Death from Covid-19
Among hospitalized adults treated with convalescent plasma, death within 30 days occurred in 115 of 515 (22%) patients in the group that received a product with a high titer of anti-spike IgG antibodies, 549 of 2006 (27%) patients in the medium-titer group, and 166 of 561 (30%) patients in the low-titer group. The relationship differed…
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