Result for
Topic: Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions
July 29, 2020
Comparison of Face-Touching Behaviors Before and During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Face mask-wearing and face-touching behaviors in the general population were analyzed using videos recorded in public areas in several countries before the COVID-19 pandemic (January 2018 to October 2019, n=4,699 individuals) and during the pandemic (February 2020 to March 2020, n=2,887 individuals). A significant increase in mask wearing was observed at locations in mainland China…
Association Between Statewide School Closure and COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality in the US
Auger, et al. conducted a time series analysis for all 50 US states and found that school closures were temporally associated with declines in COVID-19 incidence (adjusted relative change per week, -62% [95% CI, -71% to -49%]) and mortality (adjusted relative change per week, -58% [95% CI, -68% to -46%]) during March 9-May 7, 2020. States in the lowest quartile of COVID-19 cumulative incidence at the time of school closure had the largest relative change in incidence…
July 24, 2020
Association of Social Distancing, Population Density, and Temperature With the Instantaneous Reproduction Number of SARS-CoV-2 in Counties Across the United States
Ruben et al analyzed the effect of social distancing, population density, and temperature on effective reproduction number (Rt) in 211 counties in 46 US states and the District of Colombia (total population 178,892,208). Mean peak reduction in visits to non-essential businesses in early- to mid-April was 69% and a 50% decrease in such visits was associated with a 45% decrease in Rt. A 70%…
July 23, 2020
Older Adults’ Intention to Socially Isolate Once COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders Are Replaced With “Safer-at-Home” Public Health Advisories: A Survey of Respondents in Maryland
Callow et al. gauged opinion and behaviors regarding COVID-19 and the Maryland Governor’s lifting of lockdown restrictions among a convenience sample of 242 older adults. They found that attitudes toward social isolation were affected by perceived benefits and barriers to social distancing measures, perceived severity of COVID-19, and political affiliation. Callow et al. (July 22, 2020). Older Adults’ Intention to Socially Isolate Once COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders Are Replaced With “Safer-at-Home” Public Health…
July 22, 2020
Social Distancing Metrics and Estimates of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Rates
Morely et al. compared daily estimates of Rt for 8 counties in central New York with publicly available data on measures of social distancing based on mobile phone data and found that the mean Rt dropped as the overall social distancing grade increased. Morley et al. (July 16, 2020). Social Distancing Metrics and Estimates of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Rates. Journal of Public Health Management…
Serial Interval of SARS-CoV-2 Was Shortened over Time by Nonpharmaceutical Interventions
Analyzing 677 transmission pairs in mainland China, Ali et al. found that the COVID-19 serial interval, which is the time between symptom onset for the infector and the infectee in a linked transmission pair, shortened from 7.8 days to 2.6 days between Jan 9 and Feb 13. The serial interval was positively associated with the length of time between a person’s symptom onset and their isolation (i.e. isolation delay). The investigators attribute these findings to the…
July 21, 2020
Decontaminating N95 and SN95 Masks with Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI) Does Not Impair Mask Efficacy and Safety: A Systematic Review
A systematic review (n=13 studies) found that filtering facepiece respirators maintained certification standards following ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), and that UVGI did not compromise fit. UVGI protocols using a cumulative dose of >40,000 J/m2 resulted in a 3–log reduction in viral load, versus 2–log reduction in viral load for with a cumulative dose >20,000 J/m2. Katie et al. (July 13, 2020)….
July 15, 2020
Age-Specific Social Mixing of School-Aged Children in a US Setting Using Proximity Detecting Sensors and Contact Surveys
[Preprint, not peer-reviewed] Grantz et al. compared data from self-reported contact surveys and wearable proximity sensors from 730 schoolchildren in the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. The two methods produced highly correlated data on age-specific mixing patterns relevant to the dynamics of respiratory virus transmission. The results from the methods differed in that participants reported fewer but longer contacts in surveys relative…
July 14, 2020
Who Is Wearing a Mask Gender- Age- and Location-Related Differences during the COVID-19 Pandemic
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] An observational study of shoppers (n=5,517) entering 36 different grocery and retail locations across southeastern Wisconsin (June 3-9, 2020) found that the likelihood of an individual wearing a mask was associated with older age, being female, and shopping in an urban location. Fewer than 50% of individuals observed were wearing a mask. Haischer et al. (July 14, 2020). Who…
Factors Associated with Cloth Face Covering Use Among Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, April and May 2020
Two internet surveys administered in April and May of representative US samples found that following the announcement of the behavioral recommendation of the White House Coronavirus Task Force and CDC to wear a cloth face covering in public, higher prevalence of face covering use was reported among all sociodemographic groups, especially among non-Hispanic white persons, persons aged ≥65 years, and…
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