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Topic: Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions
March 1, 2021
SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Children Following the Full Re-Opening of Schools and the Impact of National Lockdown: Prospective, National Observational Cohort Surveillance, July-December 2020, England
Following the full reopening of schools in England in September 2020, COVID-19 cases among children lagged adult rates but ultimately followed similar trends. A strong correlation was observed in regional infection rates between adults and secondary (R2=0.96-0.98), primary (R2=0.93-0.94) and preschool-aged (R2=0.62-0.85) children. The November 2020 lockdown was associated with declines in adult infection rates,…
February 26, 2021
Risk Factors Associated With COVID-19 Transmission Among US Air Force Trainees in a Congregant Setting
A higher number of symptoms and higher viral loads were associated with subsequent clusters of SARS-CoV-2 cases among cohorts of US Air Force basic trainees. Among 10,613 US Air Force basic trainees, of whom 3% (403) received a diagnosis of COVID-19 during the study period, higher numbers of symptoms and higher viral loads (lower cycle…
February 23, 2021
Effectiveness of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on Child and Staff COVID-19 Cases in US Summer Camps
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Mask adherence among children in US summer camps was approximately 34% according to a survey of 486 summer camps that operated in 2020. Approximately 15% of camps reported one or more confirmed COVID-19 cases in either campers or staff, with three camps reporting a COVID-19 outbreak. Among the types of non-pharmaceutical interventions…
February 22, 2021
A Comparison of Performance Metrics for Cloth Face Masks as Source Control Devices for Simulated Cough and Exhalation Aerosols
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study evaluating 15 reusable cloth masks (including face masks, neck gaiters, and bandanas), medical masks, and N95 filtering facepiece respirators as source control devices for aerosols produced during simulated coughing and exhalation found that the source control collection efficiencies for cloth masks ranged from 17 to 71% for coughing and 35…
February 19, 2021
Required and Voluntary Occupational Use of Hazard Controls for COVID-19 Prevention in Non-Health Care Workplaces – United States, June 2020
46% of non-remote, non–health care workers used hazard controls to prevent COVID (e.g., physical barriers, masks, and other personal protective equipment). Although 56% of workers surveyed reported required use at work, higher-income workers were more likely to report required use and to use hazard controls than were lower-income workers. Among workers not using hazard controls,…
February 18, 2021
Reduction in Mobility and COVID-19 Transmission
Mobility data in 52 countries show that SARS-CoV-2 transmission decreased significantly with initial mobility reductions in 73% of countries. However, mobility explained a smaller proportion of transmission after relaxation of strict control measures in 80% of countries. In these countries, the predictive ability of mobility changed from a median R2 of 74% pre-relaxation to 30%…
Differences in Rapid Increases in County-Level COVID-19 Incidence by Implementation of Statewide Closures and Mask Mandates — United States, June 1–September 30, 2020
US county-level data from June to September 2020 show that counties in states that were closed for 0-59 days were more likely to experience rapidly increasing COVID-19 incidence (“rapid riser”) than those closed for >59 days, especially in non-metropolitan areas. The probability of being a “rapid riser” county was 43% lower all among counties that…
February 13, 2021
Operational Strategy for K-12 Schools through Phased Mitigation Executive Summary
The CDC released new guidelines for reopening K-12 schools for in-person learning, noting that evidence suggests that many K-12 schools that have strictly implemented mitigation strategies have been able to open safely for in-person instruction and remain open. In addition to recommending specific disease prevention measures, the guidelines include the following statements: (1) K–12 schools…
February 11, 2021
COVID-19 Stats: Percentage of Middle and High School Students Aged 13–21 Years Attending In-Person Classes Who Reported Observing Fellow Students Wearing a Mask All the Time, by School Setting and Activity — United States, October 2020
Among a sample of 3,953 middle and high school students participating in a Falcon-CDC Foundation cross-sectional web panel survey in October 2020, approximately 65% reported that fellow students wore a mask “all the time” in the classroom, hallways, and stairwells. Lower frequencies were reported for other indoor settings, including school buses (42%), restrooms (40%), and…
Quantifying Population Contact Patterns in the United States during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Interpersonal contact in the San Francisco Bay area was reduced by 82% in March 2020 and by 60% in September 2020, compared to pre-pandemic levels, according to analysis of a series of self-reported contact surveys. The reduction in contact corresponded to a 73% reduction in Ro in March and a 36% reduction in September. While…
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