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Topic: Public Health Policy and Practice
November 18, 2020
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Presentation and Outcomes for Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: Findings from the American Heart Association’s COVID-19 Cardiovascular Disease Registry
In a large cohort of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the US (n=7,868) during January-July 2020, the overall mortality was 18%, with 53% of all deaths occurring in Black and Hispanic patients. Black patients also had the highest rates of mechanical ventilation (23%) and renal replacement therapy (7%). In-hospital mortality and major cardiovascular or cerebrovascular…
Singleton Preterm Birth Rates for Racial and Ethnic Groups during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in California
In California, the lockdown in response to the COVID-19 pandemic was not associated with changes in the overall rate of pre-term birth (<37 weeks), although there was an increase in the rate of birth at less than 32 weeks. During a 4-month period following the state-wide COVID-19 lockdown in California in March, 2020, there was…
The Effects of Agency Assignment and Reference Point on Responses to COVID-19 Messages
When the threat of SARS-CoV2 is presented with more active language, participants report a greater degree of anger, arguing with sources, and disbelief (“negative cognition”), whereas perception of susceptibility to SARS-CoV2 infection and severity of COVID-19 disease were unchanged. In an online study with 207 participants recruited from Amazon MTurk, when SARS-CoV-2 was presented in a…
Staying Connected during COVID-19: Family Engagement with Adults with Developmental Disabilities in Supported Accommodation
Most families caring for adults with developmental disability adopted remote communication technologies to engage with their relatives. An online anonymous survey of 108 family caregivers of adults with developmental disabilities conducted during a “lockdown” (April-May 2020) was compared to responses from the month prior to lockdown. Face-to-face contact decreased from 91% to 32% and video…
November 17, 2020
Trends in Outpatient Care Delivery and Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US
Analysis of private insurance claims in the US (n=16,740,365 enrollees) showed a net decrease in total medical visits from January to June 2020, with the substantial decline in in-person visits partially offset by an increase in telemedicine visits. Telemedicine visits increased from 0.8 visits to 17.8 visits per 1,000 enrollees, peaking in mid-April 2020. In-person…
November 16, 2020
Readability of Online COVID-19 Health Information: A Comparison between Four English Speaking Countries
A study evaluating the readability of online information from Google search results related to COVID-19 found that only 17.2% of webpages were presented at a universally-readable level. The first 20 webpage URLs for searches for “COVID”, “COVID-19”, and “coronavirus” from multiple predominantly English-speaking countries were evaluated on several readability assessment tools. There was a significant…
Outcomes for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
The outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) were worse during the first weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US than one year prior. Rates of return of spontaneous circulation were 18% lower overall than before the pandemic (aRR = 0.82), including in communities with low COVID-19 mortality. Rates of survival to discharge were also…
November 13, 2020
Estimation of US Children’s Educational Attainment and Years of Life Lost Associated With Primary School Closures During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
An analytical model estimated that closing public primary schools may be associated with an estimated 5.53 million years of life lost among US children. The authors first determined that missed instruction was associated with a mean loss of 0.31 years of final educational attainment for boys and 0.21 years for girls. By extrapolating from the…
November 10, 2020
The Forgotten Numbers: A Closer Look at COVID-19 Non-Fatal Valuations
The financial burden of non-fatal COVID-19 cases as of July 27, 2020 was estimated to be $2.2 trillion (or about $46,000 per case), compared to the total valuation of $1.6 trillion for all 147,000 COVID-19 fatalities. Using CDC forecast data, the authors further estimate that this figure will rise to $5.7 trillion (roughly 30% of…
Increased Firearm Injury During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Hidden Urban Burden
A retrospective study comparing Philadelphia County trauma patients before (n=357) and after (n=480) stay-at-home orders were implemented found that while there was a decrease in non-intentional trauma and daily emergency department visits, patients presenting with intentional injury increased. In particular, there was an increase in injuries likely caused by firearms. Abdallah et al. (Nov 6,…
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