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Topic: Public Health Policy and Practice
October 29, 2020
COVID-19 Testing and Cases in Immigration Detention Centers, April-August 2020
COVID-19 case rates among detainees in US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) facilities increased every month from April to August, with increases only partially explained by increased testing. ICE facilities reported 5379 cumulative COVID-19 cases and 6 deaths among its detainees through August 2020. Twenty facilities (of 135) accounted for 71% of cases. The monthly…
What Factors Drive the Satisfaction of Citizens on Governments’ Responses to COVID-19?
Analysis of a 14-country dataset suggests that people place stronger attention on their government’s response performance, measured by the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths, rather than containment and health policies that are initiated. Satisfaction in the government response ranged from 46% and 47% in the UK and US, respectively, to 94% and 95%…
October 27, 2020
Decarcerating Correctional Facilities during COVID-19
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine published a report of best practices for implementing decarceration (release of inmates and detainees) as a strategy to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 in correctional facilities. Recommendations include diverting individuals from incarceration by avoiding pre-trial detention and prioritization of non-custodial penalties. They advise correctional officials to work…
Hospitalizations for Chronic Disease and Acute Conditions in the Time of COVID-19
A retrospective study of admissions to 4 hospitals in a New York health system found a substantial decrease in non-COVID-19 hospitalizations across a range of diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have been due in part to patient avoidance of emergency care for fear of COVID-19. Compared to baseline data from 2018 and 2019,…
Hospital Volumes of 5 Medical Emergencies in the COVID-19 Pandemic in 2 US Medical Centers
There were significant drops in the daily caseload of 4 common medical emergencies after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, based on analysis of data from March 2018 to May 2020 from 2 academic medical centers in New York and California. Reductions in the average daily volume for acute MI (heart attack), ischemic stroke, nontraumatic…
October 26, 2020
Mortality among Adults Ages 25-44 in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] In some areas of the US, COVID-19 has likely become the leading cause of death among young adults aged 25-44 during periods of substantial COVID-19 outbreaks, surpassing unintentional overdoses. An observational cohort study of all-cause mortality among adults age 25-44 during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US found that 14,155 more deaths…
Association of State Stay-at-Home Orders and State-Level African American Population With COVID-19 Case Rates
A cross-sectional study using daily state-level data on COVID-19 cases, tests, and fatalities from March to May 2020 found that stay-at-home orders (SAHOs) were associated with reductions in cumulative COVID-19 case rates and subsequent fatality rates. Had no SAHOs been implemented, estimated cumulative case rates would have been more than 200% higher, and fatalities 22%…
October 23, 2020
Association Between Social Vulnerability and a County’s Risk for Becoming a COVID-19 Hotspot — United States, June 1–July 25, 2020
Counties with greater social vulnerability were more likely to become areas with rapidly increasing COVID-19 incidence (“hotspot counties”), according to a report from the CDC. Counties with higher percentages of racial and ethnic minority residents (RR=5.3) and people living in high-density housing structures and crowded units (RR=3.1 and RR=2.0), were more likely to become hotspots,…
October 22, 2020
Association of the Covid‐19 Lockdown with Smoking, Drinking, and Attempts to Quit in England: An Analysis of 2019‐2020 Data
Cross-sectional surveys of 20,558 adults in the UK administered before and after the COVID-19 lockdown (April 2019-February 2020 and April 2020, respectively) found that the lockdown was not associated with significant changes in smoking prevalence, but was associated with increases in quit attempts, quit success, and cessation among past-year smokers. The lockdown was also associated…
The Confounded Crude Case-Fatality Rates (CFR) for COVID-19 Hide More than They Reveal—a Comparison of Age-Specific and Age-Adjusted CFRs between Seven Countries
A comparative analysis of the COVID-19 case-fatality rates (CFR) of seven countries suggests that age structure of cases could account for the wide variation of CFRs among countries. The crude country-level CFRs ranged from 0.82% (Israel) to 14.2% (Italy), resulting in a highest to lowest crude CFR ratio of 17.3. Meanwhile, the ratio of lowest…
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