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Topic: Transmission
August 12, 2020
First Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater in North America: A Study in Louisiana, USA
Scherchan et al. report on SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in wastewater samples in southern Louisiana. While viral RNA was detected in 2 out of 15 wastewater samples, viral RNA was only detected in untreated samples and was not detected in any secondary treated or final effluent samples. Sherchan et al. (June 2020). First Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater in North America: A Study in…
Role of Children in Household Transmission of COVID-19
Among 248 household contacts of 107 pediatric COVID-19 index cases, 17% of the contacts (n=41) were subsequently SARS-CoV-2 positive (average follow-up of 11 days). However, all but one contact was determined to have had the same exposure as the pediatric index case. Index cases were isolated in hospitals or community treatment centers after diagnosis. If the case needed direct care by…
Viable SARS-CoV-2 in the Air of a Hospital Room with COVID-19 Patients
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Lednicky et al. collected air samples containing viable SARS-CoV-2 from the hospital room of two patients with COVID-19 with respiratory symptoms. One patient had been admitted the evening prior to sampling, while the second was in the process of being discharged during sampling and had previously tested negative after an earlier positive test. Viable virus was isolated from air samples collected 2 to 4.8m away from the…
August 11, 2020
Effect of Social Distancing Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence of Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Children in Finland During Early 2020
An assessment of the immediate effects of COVID-19 national lockdown orders on pediatric emergency room visits and respiratory tract infections in Finland indicates that social distancing and other lockdown strategies slowed the spreading of common respiratory viral diseases and decreased the need for hospitalization among children. A major decrease in the rate of daily median pediatric emergency room visits was detected in both hospitals in the study…
Newborns of COVID-19 Mothers: Short-Term Outcomes of Colocating and Breastfeeding from the Pandemic’s Epicenter
A retrospective cross-sectional study from a New York hospital with high incidence of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection found that newborns did not show signs of infection after birth (n=45 live births from SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers). Patil et al. additionally reported no short-term adverse neonatal outcomes with skin-to-skin care, rooming-in, or breastfeeding in infants of SARS-CoV-2 positive mothers. Of the SARS-CoV-2-positive…
Facility-Wide Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in Nursing Homes — Seven U.S. Jurisdictions, March–June 2020
Facility-wide testing for SARS-CoV-2 in nursing homes following the identification of an initial COVID-19 case in the facility yielded a prevalence of 12%, compared to 0.4% when facility-wide testing was conducted in nursing homes without a previous COVID-19 case. In facilities with a previous COVID-19 case, it was estimated that for each additional day before completion of facility-wide…
Facility-Wide Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in Nursing Homes — Seven U.S. Jurisdictions, March–June 2020
Facility-wide testing for SARS-CoV-2 in nursing homes following the identification of an initial COVID-19 case in the facility yielded a prevalence of 12%, compared to 0.4% when facility-wide testing was conducted in nursing homes without a previous COVID-19 case. In facilities with a previous COVID-19 case, it was estimated that for each additional day before completion of facility-wide…
August 10, 2020
Notes from the Field: Characteristics of Meat Processing Facility Workers with Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection — Nebraska, April–May 2020
Among 1,216 workers from a Nebraska meat packing facility tested for active SARS-CoV-2 infections in late April, 375 (31%) had positive results by RT-PCR. Case investigators following up with those who tested positive were able to reach 241 workers. Of these, 57% were male, the median age was 41, and 46% were Hispanic. Of the 163 (68%) symptomatic respondents, two were hospitalized….
August 6, 2020
Placental Barrier against COVID-19
Komine-Aizawa et al. performed a narrative review summarizing evidence from pathological examinations of placental tissues in mothers with COVID-19, finding that these tissues are often infected with SARS-CoV-2 although fetuses are not always infected. They review potential mechanisms for SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission. The authors conclude that although placentas are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, they may partially protect fetuses. Komine-Aizawa et al. (July 25, 2020). Placental Barrier against COVID-19. Placenta. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2020.07.022
Clinical Course and Molecular Viral Shedding Among Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Community Treatment Center in the Republic of Korea
Lee et al. examined viral shedding among asymptomatic (36%) and symptomatic (64%) patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who were isolated in a community treatment center in South Korea (n=303) and found that viral loads did not differ significantly between the groups based on amplification of 3 viral genes (RdRp, N, env). During isolation, the proportion who converted to a negative RT-PCR test result was similar between asymptomatic and symptomatic patients (34% vs. 30% at day 14, 75% vs. 70% at day 21) without a statistically significant…
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