October 22, 2020
An Estimation of Airborne SARS-CoV-2 Infection Transmission Risk in New York City Nail Salons
An airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission infection risk model for 12 New York City nail salons found the average transmission risk when not wearing face masks was 25% vs 7% when masks were worn. Utilizing previous estimates of outdoor airflow rates, increased outdoor airflow rates in the model strongly correlated with decreased risk, suggesting that businesses should…
Evolution and Effects of COVID-19 Outbreaks in Care Homes: A Population Analysis in 189 Care Homes in One Geographical Region of the UK
A population analysis of 189 care homes in Scotland between March and August found 69 (37%) had a confirmed COVID-19 outbreak, of which almost all (96%) were care homes for older people. The size of care homes for older people was strongly associated with an outbreak (OR per 20-bed increase 3.35, 95% CI 1·99–5.63). 907…
Pasteurization Inactivates SARS-CoV-2 Spiked Breast Milk
Pasteurization was shown to successfully inactivate SARS-CoV-2 in human breast milk. Conzelmann et al. spiked five different virus isolates from Germany, France, and the Netherlands into five individual milk samples. Incubating the milk samples at room temperature for 30 minutes resulted in a 40.9-92.8% drop in viral titers, and after pasteurization no further residual infectivity…
COVID-19 LITERATURE SITUATION REPORT OCT. 22, 2020
Only 1 to 6 cases of hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection at UW Medicine were reported from April 2 to May 14, corresponding to a relatively low incidence of 0.8 to 5 cases per 10,000 patient days. More
October 20, 2020
A Case-Control and Cohort Study to Determine the Relationship between Ethnic Background and Severe COVID-19
A case-control study determined that Black and multiracial people were three times as likely to be admitted to a hospital for COVID-19 treatment when compared to white people living in the same neighborhoods in London. Cases were defined as patients admitted to the hospital for COVID-19 and controls were drawn from an administrative database in…
Estimating the Infection-Fatality Risk of SARS-CoV-2 in New York City during the Spring 2020 Pandemic Wave: A Model-Based Analysis
A model-based analysis of the SAS-CoV-2 infection rate in New York City from March to June found an estimated overall infection fatality risk (IFR) of 1.4%. Stratified by age, overall IFR for those with ages 25-44, 45-64, 65-74, and 75+ years were 0.1%, 0.9%, 4.9%, and 14.2%, respectively. The peak weekly IFR for adults ages…
Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19, by Age and Race and Ethnicity — United States, January 26–October 3, 2020
Two out of three excess deaths in the United States during the period of January through October were attributed to COVID-19. An estimated 299,028 excess deaths occurred and there were two peaks of deaths, occurring during the weeks ending April 11 and August 8. Adults aged 25-44 years and Hispanic/Latino persons saw the largest percentage…
Risk for In-Hospital Complications Associated with COVID-19 and Influenza — Veterans Health Administration, United States, October 1, 2018–May 31, 2020
Patients hospitalized for COVID-19 had an in-hospital mortality rate more than 5-fold higher than influenza patients (21% vs 4%), according to retrospective data from a Veterans Health Administration cohort. After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity and underlying comorbidities, COVID-19 patients had 19-fold higher risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome. Risks for exacerbations of asthma…
Remote Learning During COVID-19: Examining School Practices, Service Continuation, and Difficulties for Adolescents With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Families with adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) reported greater difficulties with remote learning practices, according to a recent survey. 31% of parents of adolescents with ADHD with an Individualized Education Program (IEP) or a 504 Plan report remote learning to be very challenging, compared to 18% of parents of adolescents with ADHD but…
Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A meta-analysis of 7 case-control studies show 2.2-fold higher risk of COVID-19 infection among those with autoimmune diseases. Among the 2,766 patients in studies reporting clinical outcomes, use of glucocorticoids and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs were associated with increased risk of hospitalization and mortality. Akiyama et al. (Oct 13, 2020). Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes…
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