Article Summary
December 15, 2020
Vaccines That Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Transmission May Prevent or Dampen a Spring Wave of COVID-19 Cases and Deaths in 2021
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A model based on King County data shows that if the vaccine efficacy of the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines are primarily driven by complete protection against infection, then prevention of a fourth epidemic wave in Spring 2021 and a reduction of subsequent cases and deaths by 60% is likely to occur, assuming…
COVID-19 Infections Among Healthcare Personnel in the United States Veterans Health Administration, March – August, 2020
Among 131,606 healthcare personnel (HCP) in the US Veterans Health Administration, 5,925 (4.5%) had positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests. HCP who were working in hospitals with >15% SARS-CoV-2 positivity among inpatients, as well as nursing staff, HCP who identify as Black or Hispanic, and veterans were at highest risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Male sex, age over…
Characteristics, Comorbidities and Survival Analysis of Young Adults Hospitalized with COVID-19 in New York City
In a cohort of young adults aged 18 to 35 years admitted to hospital with COVID-19 in New York City (n=395), 58% of patients had at least one major comorbidity. The mortality among those with at least one major comorbidity was 17% (40 of 229), compared to 9% (15 of 166) among those without a…
Community Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in England from April to November, 2020: Results from the ONS Coronavirus Infection Survey
A nationwide serial sampling study in England (n=1.1 million samples from 280,000 individuals) shows that the first wave (April to June) and the first part of the second wave (August to November) were characterized by different risk factors. Having a patient-facing role was a significant factor in the first wave but not in the second,…
Factors Associated with Positive SARS-CoV-2 Test Results in Outpatient Health Facilities and Emergency Departments Among Children and Adolescents Aged <18 Years — Mississippi, September–November 2020
In a case-control study of 397 children and adolescents in Mississippi, in-person school or child care attendance two weeks prior to a SARS-CoV-2 test was not associated with a positive test result (aOR=0.8). Close contact with persons with COVID-19 (aOR=3.2), gatherings with persons outside the household such as social functions (aOR=2.4) and playdates (aOR=3.3), and…
Assessment of the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection in an Intense Re-Exposure Setting
Among 101,349 lab-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in Qatar, the risk of reinfection was estimated to be 0.02%, with a reinfection incidence rate of 0.36 per 10,000 person-weeks. Out of 243 patients with at least one positive swab ≥45 days from the first positive swab, 54 (22%) had strong or good evidence for reinfection. Viral genome sequencing…
Asynchrony Between Individual and Government Actions Accounts for Disproportionate Impact of COVID-19 on Vulnerable Communities
Mobility data across 1,124 US counties show that individuals began to socially distance at a median of 5 days (IQR=3-8) after 10 cumulative confirmed COVID-19 cases in their state, but at a median of 12 days (IQR=8-17) before state governments issued stay-at-home orders (SAHOs). Using SAHO dates as a proxy for social distancing accounts for…
December 14, 2020
Impact of Mass Testing during an Epidemic Rebound of SARS-CoV-2 A Modelling Study
[Preprint, not peer-reviewed] A modeling study using a compartmental SEEIR model to evaluate the impact of mass testing of SARS-CoV-2 during an epidemic rebound in France found that a monthly campaign covering 75% of the population would reduce daily infections by 43% by May 1st, 2021, and a bi-weekly campaign would reduce infections by 75%….
Readmission and Death After Initial Hospital Discharge Among Patients With COVID-19 in a Large Multihospital System
In a national cohort of 1775 patients discharged from Veterans Affairs medical centers after hospitalization for COVID-19 during March-July 2020, 479 (27%) were readmitted (20%) or died (9%) within 60 days of discharge. Rates of readmission or death by 60 days were significantly lower than those for matched survivors of pneumonia (26% vs. 32%) or…
HIV Infection and COVID-19 Death: A Population-Based Cohort Analysis of UK Primary Care Data and Linked National Death Registrations within the OpenSAFELY Platform
A retrospective cohort study indicated that people with HIV in the UK (n = 27,480) had a higher risk of mortality from COVID-19 than those without HIV, after adjusting for age and sex (HR = 2.9). The risk remained high (HR = 2.6) after adjusting for index of multiple deprivation, smoking status, ethnicity, and obesity….
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