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May 28, 2021
COVID-19 Case-Fatality Disparities among People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Evidence from 12 US Jurisdictions
COVID-19 case fatality rates were higher among people with intellectual development disabilities (IDD) compared to rates for their respective jurisdiction, both among individuals living in congregate settings (2-5 times higher) and those receiving 24/7 nursing services (3-9 times higher) in an analysis of publicly reported data in 11 US states from March to April 2021….
Prevalence of Clinical and Subclinical Myocarditis in Competitive Athletes With Recent SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Clinical or subclinical myocarditis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected in 2.3% of US college athletes with COVID-19 undergoing comprehensive cardiovascular testing from March to December 2020 (n=1597). Only 5 athletes (0.31%) would have been detected based on cardiac symptoms alone, while cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for all athletes yielded a 7.4-fold increase in detection…
The Humoral Response to the BNT162b2 Vaccine in Hemodialysis Patients
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies were detected in 80% of chronic hemodialysis patients (n=66) 28 days after a single dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine in a cohort study in Toronto, Canada. However, only 23% mounted a robust response defined by exceeding the median level of anti-spike antibodies observed in serum of healthy convalescent controls…
Reduced Sensitivity of Infectious SARS-CoV-2 Variant B.1.617.2 to Monoclonal Antibodies and Sera from Convalescent and Vaccinated Individuals
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 variant of concern, first described in India, was experimentally shown to completely escape neutralizing activity from the monoclonal antibody (mAb) bamlanivimab (made by Eli Lilly), while neutralizing activity of etesivimab (also Eli Lilly), casirivimab and imdevimab (Regeneron) were preserved. Neutralizing activity of sera from 56 individuals recovered from critical,…
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Seattle, Washington: October 2019–April 2020
Residual clinical samples collected from 766 Seattle-area adults during October 2019 to April 2020 showed that anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were not detected until mid-March 2020. Estimated antibody prevalence from March 5-April 1, 2020 was 1.2%, which was 11 times greater than the number of confirmed cases in King County, which includes Seattle, as of April 1….
Risk of Reinfection after Seroconversion to SARS-CoV-2: A Population-Based Propensity-Score Matched Cohort Study
Swiss adults who were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were less likely to have a SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive test than propensity-score-matched seronegative adults in the 8 months following antibody measurements. Of the 498 seropositive individuals, only 5 (1%) retested positive (likely indicative of reinfection) after a mean follow-up of 36 weeks. In contrast, 154 of…
E484K as an Innovative Phylogenetic Event for Viral Evolution: Genomic Analysis of the E484K Spike Mutation in SARS-CoV-2 Lineages from Brazil
Genomic and phylogenetic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 genomes with the E484K mutation sequenced from samples in Brazil in 2020 showed that over 40% of sequenced genomes had this mutation by October 2020 across three distinct lineages (P.1, P.2, and N.9) in four different regions. Modeling of a random set of sequenced genomes suggests that the mutation…
Effectiveness of BNT162b2 and MRNA-1273 COVID-19 Vaccines against Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Severe COVID-19 Outcomes in Ontario Canada
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna) were 60% effective against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection 14-20 days after the first dose and 91% effective ≥7 days after the second dose in a test-negative study among symptomatic adults in Ontario, Canada between December 2020 and April 2021 (n=324,033). Vaccine effectiveness against severe outcomes was 62%…
Patterns in COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage, by Social Vulnerability and Urbanicity — United States, December 14, 2020–May 1, 2021
As of May 1, 2021, vaccination coverage was lower among US adults living in counties with higher social vulnerability (social and structural factors associated with adverse health outcomes) and with higher percentages of households with children, single parents, and persons with disabilities. By May 1, vaccination coverage was lower among adults living in counties with…
May 27, 2021
Racial/Ethnic, Social, and Geographic Trends in Overdose-Associated Cardiac Arrests Observed by US Emergency Medical Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Overdose-associated cardiac arrests requiring activation of emergency medical services (EMS) were 42% higher in 2020 compared to levels from 2018 and 2019 (60 vs 42 cardiac arrests per 100,000 EMS activations). The highest percentage increases were seen among Latinx and African American individuals (50% increase) and among individuals living in more impoverished neighborhoods (46% increase)….
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