Article Summary
November 24, 2020
Willingness to Get the COVID-19 Vaccine with and without Emergency Use Authorization
A quota-sampled online survey of 788 US adults found that 60% of participants were either definitely willing or probably willing to receive a future COVID-19 vaccine and 25% were either definitely willing or probably willing to receive the vaccine if it were approved under an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA). Significant predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake…
Catching a Resurgence Increase in SARS-CoV-2 Viral RNA Identified in Wastewater 48 Hours before COVID-19 Clinical Tests and 96 Hours before Hospitalizations
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 at wastewater facilities in Ottawa identified resurgence of positive cases and hospitalizations in late July 2020 with a 48-hour and 96- hour lead time, respectively. When daily percent positivity was being reported below 1%, increases of >400% in normalized SARS-CoV-2 RNA signal in wastewater were identified 48 hours…
A Randomized Trial of Convalescent Plasma in Covid-19 Severe Pneumonia
A randomized placebo-controlled trial of convalescent plasma (CP) infusion for patients with severe COVID-19 (n=228) found no significant difference between the treatment and placebo groups in the improvement in clinical status measured at 30 days using an ordinal scale (OR=0.83, 95%CI 0.52 – 1.35). Overall mortality was 11% in the CP group and 11.4% in…
SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence Worldwide: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A pooled estimate of global SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 3.4% in a systematic review and meta-analysis (n=47 studies) of data from 23 countries published through August 2020. Seroprevalence in general population studies varied from 0.4% to 22%. The lowest regional seroprevalence was observed in South America (1.5%), while the highest was in Northern Europe (5%). The…
Community Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by Fomites Risks and Risk Reduction Strategies
Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Examining SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk via fomites using the Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment framework suggests risks posed by contacting surfaces are low in communities with infection prevalence ranging from 0.2%-5%. Compared to surface disinfection, hand disinfection reduced the relative risk of transmission independent of community prevalence and frequency of contact, even at…
A Systematic Review of Surface Contamination, Stability, and Disinfection Data on SARS-CoV-2 (Through July 10, 2020)
A systematic review and meta-analysis (n=78 studies) found that laboratories had the highest proportion of surfaces test positive for SARS-CoV-2 while household surfaces had the lowest. In assessing surface stability using infectivity, half-life of SARS-CoV-2 on stainless steel, plastic, and nitrile was 2.3-17.9 hours, and decreased at higher temperature and humidity. Disinfection studies with SARS-CoV-2…
Evaluating the Impact of Stay-at-Home Orders on the Time to Reach the Peak Burden of Covid-19 Cases and Deaths: Does Timing Matter?
Among countries and US states implementing stay-at-home mandates between April and May 2020, a longer period of time between the first reported case and implementation of mandates was associated with a longer time to reach peak daily case and death counts. For US states, each additional day between first case and mandate implementation predicted an…
Association of COVID-19 Misinformation with Face Mask Wearing and Social Distancing in a Nationally Representative US Sample
Behavior-specific beliefs about mask use and physical distancing were more predictive of actual protective behaviors related to COVID-19 than beliefs in misinformation (e.g., rumors about the origins of the viral outbreak). Findings were based on a two-wave nationally representative survey of US adults (T1 n=1,074; T2 n=889). Though belief in misinformation was negatively associated with…
November 23, 2020
The Potential Impact of School Closure Relative to Community-Based Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID-19 Cases in Ontario Canada
[Preprint, not peer-reviewed] A modeling study based on a scenario of one million individuals in Ontario, Canada predicted that school reopening would result in a small change in COVID-19 case numbers among students and teachers in a setting with community-based prevention measures. The model showed that the increase was driven mostly by acquisition in the…
Comprehensive Health Assessment Three Months after Recovery from Acute COVID-19
A study following patients (n = 124) for 3 months after they were discharged from the hospital following recovery from COVID-19 in the Netherlands reported that a substantial proportion reported severe problems in several health domains including functional impairment (64%), fatigue (69%) and quality of life (72%) after recovery from acute COVID-19. van den Borst…
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