Article Summary
November 18, 2020
Singleton Preterm Birth Rates for Racial and Ethnic Groups during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in California
In California, the lockdown in response to the COVID-19 pandemic was not associated with changes in the overall rate of pre-term birth (<37 weeks), although there was an increase in the rate of birth at less than 32 weeks. During a 4-month period following the state-wide COVID-19 lockdown in California in March, 2020, there was…
The Effects of Agency Assignment and Reference Point on Responses to COVID-19 Messages
When the threat of SARS-CoV2 is presented with more active language, participants report a greater degree of anger, arguing with sources, and disbelief (“negative cognition”), whereas perception of susceptibility to SARS-CoV2 infection and severity of COVID-19 disease were unchanged. In an online study with 207 participants recruited from Amazon MTurk, when SARS-CoV-2 was presented in a…
Staying Connected during COVID-19: Family Engagement with Adults with Developmental Disabilities in Supported Accommodation
Most families caring for adults with developmental disability adopted remote communication technologies to engage with their relatives. An online anonymous survey of 108 family caregivers of adults with developmental disabilities conducted during a “lockdown” (April-May 2020) was compared to responses from the month prior to lockdown. Face-to-face contact decreased from 91% to 32% and video…
Characteristics of Pediatric Multi-System Inflammatory Syndrome (PMIS) Associated with COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis and Insights into Pathogenesis
A meta-analysis of pediatric multisystem inflammation syndrome (PMIS) documented three common types of PMIS clinical presentation: persistent fever and gastrointestinal symptoms, cardiogenic shock, and Kawasaki disease-like syndrome. In 7 studies including 182 patients, only 9% of patients presented with respiratory symptoms and only 37% were positive for SARS-CoV2 by PCR, while 81% were positive for…
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Previously Undiagnosed Health Care Workers in New Jersey, at the Onset of the U.S. COVID-19 Pandemic
In the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, non-ICU healthcare workers had higher rates of SARS-CoV2 when compared to the general population. A cross-sectional study conducted in a university and two affiliated university hospitals in New Jersey found that healthcare workers had a higher rate of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity when compared to non-healthcare workers (40/546 [7.3%]…
Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Healthy Adults Aged 18-59 Years: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 1/2 Clinical Trial
An inactivated vaccine produced by Sinovac was safe and immunogenic in early phase clinical testing. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial (n=743), healthy adults who received two doses of a b-proprionolactione inactivated SARS-CoV2 vaccine (“CoronaVac”) demonstrated high rates of seroconversion. In phase 1 (n=143), the seroconversion rate after day 28 was 83%…
Association between Exposure to Influenza Vaccination and COVID-19 Diagnosis and Outcomes
Influenza vaccination was associated with lower risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and hospitalization. Among 17,608 residents in Italy who tested for SARS-CoV-2 (28% positive), influenza vaccination (IV) was associated with lower risk of COVID-19 diagnosis (OR=0.9) in the overall cohort, and was associated with lower risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization (HR=0.7) and death (HR=0.7) in patients age…
New Pfizer Results: Coronavirus Vaccine Is Safe and 95% Effective
[Press release, not peer-reviewed] A pre-specified analysis of the Pfrizer mRNA vaccine suggested that the vaccine was 95% efficacious and prevented severe disease, according to a company press-release. 162 cases out of 170 cases of COVID-19 disease occurred in the placebo arm, with 9 out of 10 severe cases occurring in the placebo arm. Similar…
Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation vs Placebo on Hospital Length of Stay in Patients with Severe COVID-19 A Multicenter Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
[Preprint, not peer-reviewed] Administration of a single oral dose of vitamin D3 supplementation to hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 did not show significant effect in reducing hospital length of stay (7 days vs. 7 days, p=0.4), mortality (7% vs. 5%, p=0.6), ICU admission (16% vs. 21%; p=0.3), or mechanical ventilation requirement (7% vs 14%; p=0.1)…
Clinical Performances of Three Fully Automated Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoassays Targeting the Nucleocapsid or Spike Proteins
Both commercial spike and nucleocapsid serologic tests have approximately equivalent sensitivity for clinical diagnosis after PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. A study of 137 samples from 96 patients evaluating three commercial anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody assays for the detection of COVID-19 reactive antibodies reported equivalent sensitivities (range 70.4%-85.2%) within 14 days from symptom onset to PCR-confirmed diagnosis. At 28…
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