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April 13, 2021
Rapid Decline of Neutralizing Antibodies Is Associated with Decay of IgM in Adults Recovered from Mild COVID-19 Disease
SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibody levels were relatively stable for up to 6 months, whereas neutralizing antibody responses waned during that time, according to a cohort study of 34 adults with mild COVID-19. By 6 months, only 70% (23 of 33) of participants exhibited a neutralizing response compared to 91% or higher for IgG antibody responses. Presence…
SARS-CoV-2 Infection Rates of Antibody-Positive Compared with Antibody-Negative Health-Care Workers in England: A Large, Multicentre, Prospective Cohort Study (SIREN)
Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with an 84% lower risk of new infection according to the SIREN Study, a large multi-center prospective study conducted in the UK from June to December 2020. During the study period, 155 potential reinfections were detected among 8,278 participants positive at baseline compared to 1,704 new PCR positive infections detected…
Inhaled Budesonide for COVID-19 in People at Higher Risk of Adverse Outcomes in the Community Interim Analyses from the PRINCIPLE Trial
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] The inhaled corticosteroid budesonide reduced time to recovery among older ambulatory SARS-CoV-2-infected adults by 3 days, according to an interim analysis of a randomized, open-label trial (PRINCIPLE Trial). In participants either 65 years and older without co-morbidities or less than 50 years with co-morbidities given 14 days of 800 mcg of budesonide…
Inhaled Budesonide in the Treatment of Early COVID-19 (STOIC): A Phase 2, Open-Label, Randomised Controlled Trial
Treatment with the inhaled corticosteroid budesonide within 7 days of onset of mild COVID-19 symptoms was associated with a 91% reduction in risk of an urgent care visit, an emergency department consultation, or hospitalization. In the per-protocol analysis of the randomized, open-label phase 2 trial, one of these three outcomes occurred in 14% (10 of…
A Public Health Antibody Screening Indicates a Marked Increase of SARS-CoV-2 Exposure Rate in Children during the Second Wave
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among children aged 1-10 years in Bavaria, Germany increased from 0.68% during the first wave (January-August 2020) to 3.92% during the second wave (September-February 2021). The authors suggest that the increase in seropositivity was likely caused by generally higher virus exposure during fall and winter, school openings, and the introduction of variants. By…
Changes in Symptomatology, Reinfection, and Transmissibility Associated with the SARS-CoV-2 Variant B.1.1.7: An Ecological Study
B.1.1.7 infections likely cause similar symptoms compared to pre-existing variants, according to an analysis of data from the COVID-19 Symptom Study app users obtained during a period when the B.1.1.7 variant was surging in the UK (September to December 2020). Participants reported no change in symptoms or disease duration. Only 0.7% of reports indicated possible…
April 12, 2021
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Following the Largest Initial Epidemic Wave in the United States: Findings from New York City, May 13-July 21, 2020
In a serosurvey of 45,367 New York City adult residents, 23.6% were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the first few months of the pandemic (May 13 – July 21, 2020). High seroprevalence (>30%) was observed among Black and Hispanic individuals, people from high poverty neighborhoods, and people in health care or essential worker industry sectors. Reporting…
The Association of Structural Inequities and Race with Out-of-Hospital Sudden Death during the COVID-19 Pandemic
New York City stratified data on out of hospital sudden death (OHSD) showed that between March 1 and April 10, 2020, educational attainment and the proportion of Black residents in zip codes were independent predictors of increased levels of zip code-level OHSD, after controlling for 2019 rates. The number of OHSD rose to 4,334 from…
Emergency Department Visits for COVID-19 by Race and Ethnicity — 13 States, October–December 2020
Between October and December 2020, data from 13 US states indicate that the rate of emergency department (ED) visits for COVID-19 was 1.7 times higher among Hispanic and American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons, and 1.4 times higher among Black persons, than white persons. Hispanic, AI/AN, and Black persons had significantly more COVID-19–related ED…
Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Hospitalizations, by Region — United States, March – December 2020
Based on hospitalization discharge data from each of the four US census regions, the age-adjusted COVID-19 proportionate hospitalization ratios (aPHRs) were highest for Hispanic or Latino patients (range 2.7-3.9) relative to non-Hispanic white patients. Racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 hospitalization were largest during May–July 2020, and while aPHRs declined for most racial and ethnic…
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