Article Summary
April 9, 2021
Factors Associated with Participation in Elementary School–Based SARS-CoV-2 Testing — Salt Lake County, Utah, December 2020–January 2021
An evaluation of an elementary school-based testing program for school contacts of persons with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in Salt Lake County, UT (N=856) found that students of White, Hispanic and other racial minority groups and those residing in zip codes with higher SARS-CoV-2 prevalence were more likely to consent to testing. No differences were found…
Mortality Among US Patients Hospitalized With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in 2020
A large, retrospective US cohort study of persons hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection (N=503,409) found that in-hospital mortality declined across all age groups between March 1 and November 1, 2020 from 20% to 9%. This finding was not explained by a change in the proportion of hospitalized patients by age, which was fairly stable throughout the…
Use of Stay-at-Home Orders and Mask Mandates to Control COVID-19 Transmission — Blackfeet Tribal Reservation, Montana, June–December 2020
In the Blackfeet Tribal Reservation (Montana), enforcement of stay-at-home orders and mandated use of face coverings in public, with potential fines and jail for noncompliance, were associated with a 33-fold reduction in COVID-19 incidence from its peak of 6.4 cases per 1,000 residents per day on October 5 to 0.2 cases per 1,000 residents per…
April 8, 2021
Incidence and Severity of Depression Among Recovered African Americans with COVID-19-Associated Respiratory Failure
44% (32 of 73) of African American patients who were admitted to the ICU and underwent invasive mechanical ventilation for COVID-19 were diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MMD) within 90 days of discharge. Patients were identified during depression screening following discharge from a hospital in Atlanta, Georgia. MDD was more frequently diagnosed in women than…
Association of Human Mobility Restrictions and Race/Ethnicity–Based, Sex-Based, and Income-Based Factors With Inequities in Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States
African American and Hispanic individuals, women, and households with low income were disproportionately affected by adverse social and mental health outcomes during lockdown in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic according to a large population-representative cross-sectional survey of over 1 million US respondents from April to July 2020. On average, every 10% reduction in…
Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Receiving Renin Angiotensin System Blockers and Calcium Channel Blockers
Anti-hypertensive medications, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and calcium channel blockers (CCB), were not associated with mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a retrospective cohort study (n=841). However, use of ACEI/ARB and ACEI/ARB combined with CCB were associated with a 42% and 45% lower risk of ICU admission, respectively. Among…
Humoral and Cellular Immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 MRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in Nursing Home Residents
Nursing home residents who had a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely than those with no history of infection to have an immunologic response within 1 week of the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNtech vaccine. Among nursing home residents in Belgium, humoral and cellular responses elicited by vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNtech vaccine were detected in…
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Individuals with Cancer Autoimmune Diseases and Other Serious Comorbid Conditions
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Nearly 1 in 5 individuals with serious comorbid conditions expressed COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in an international cross-sectional survey conducted from January to February 2021. Participants (n=22,000, 74% from the US) were randomly sampled from Inspire, a large online health community of individuals with comorbid conditions. 10% of participants declared they would not…
Single Prime HAd5 Spike (S) + Nucleocapsid (N) Dual Antigen Vaccination of Healthy Volunteers Induces a Ten-Fold Increase in Mean S- and N- T-Cell Responses Equivalent to T-Cell Responses from Patients Previously Infected with SARS-CoV-2
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Phase 1b trials for a novel adenovirus-vector COVID-19 vaccine (hAd5-S-Fusion+N-ETSD developed by ImmunityBio) containing the SARS-CoV-2 antigen spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins demonstrated a 10-fold increase in mean S- and N-specific T-cell responses from patients (n=4) with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection after a single dose. For context, currently approved vaccines only target…
Cross-Reactive Neutralizing Antibody Responses Elicited by SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 (B.1.351)
Antibody responses to the B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 variant (aka, 501Y.V2) in a cohort of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in South Africa (n=89) were found to be robust and showed high levels of cross-reactivity against the virus strain from the first wave. Furthermore, sera from patients infected with B.1.351 also neutralized the P.1 variant (aka, 501Y.V3) first…
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