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Tag: clinical characteristics
February 17, 2021
Overall Burden and Characteristics of COVID-19 in the United States during 2020
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A data-driven model-inference approach to simulate the COVID-19 pandemic at the US county-scale determined that approximately one third of the US population had been infected during 2020. The model concluded that there was an overall ascertainment rate of 22%, and population susceptibility at year end was 69%. The percentage of people harboring…
Characteristics and Factors Associated with COVID-19 Infection, Hospitalization, and Mortality Across Race and Ethnicity
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A retrospective cohort study of 570,298 patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 with known race/ethnicity, found that people from racial/ethnic minority groups represented 50% of infections but only 18% of total tests. The data were drawn from a large health system spanning California, Oregon, and Washington between March 1 and December 31, 2020. People…
Comparison of Acute Pneumonia Caused by SARS-COV-2 and Other Respiratory Viruses in Children: A Retrospective Multi-Center Cohort Study during COVID-19 Outbreak
Children with COVID-19 pneumonia were older (median age of 6.3 vs. 3.2 years) and had less severe disease than children with other causes of pneumonia, according to a retrospective multi-center cohort study. Children in the COVID-19 pneumonia cohort had a lower proportion of severe cases (1 of 40 vs. 38 of 284), and fewer cases…
Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission among Meat Processing Workers in Nebraska, USA, and Effectiveness of Risk Mitigation Measures
There was a 19% COVID-19 attack rate (n=5,002 cases) among Nebraska meat processing workers during April 1–July 31, 2020. After implementing universal masking and physical barrier interventions, 8 of 13 facilities showed a statistically significant reduction in COVID-19 incidence in less than 10 days. While 67% of cases occurred among workers who identified as Hispanic…
February 13, 2021
Cardiovascular Sequalae in Uncomplicated COVID-19 Survivors
Evaluation for cardiac abnormalities was performed at 1 to 4 weeks after hospital discharge among 97 survivors of non-severe COVID-19 who had been hospitalized but did not require intensive care. The abnormalities identified included sinus bradycardia <50 beats per minute (7%), newly detected T-wave abnormality (8%), elevated troponin level (6%), newly detected atrial fibrillation (1%),…
Association of Mortality and Aspirin Prescription for COVID-19 Patients at the Veterans Health Administration
Among Veterans with confirmed cases of COVID-19, preexisting aspirin prescription was associated with a statistically and clinically significant decrease in overall mortality at 14-days (OR=0.38) and at 30-days (OR=0.38). Participants were matched on age, gender, and clinical characteristics for the analysis. The authors speculate that aspirin’s systemic antithrombotic effects could disrupt the risk of thrombotic…
February 11, 2021
Factors Associated With Racial Differences in Deaths Among Nursing Home Residents With COVID-19 Infection in the US
COVID-19-associated deaths in the US were higher in nursing homes with greater proportions of non-white residents, according to a cross-sectional survey involving 13,312 nursing homes. Nursing homes with the lowest quintile proportion of white residents (<60%) had 4 more deaths on average from January to September 2020, corresponding to 3.3-fold higher deaths than those with…
Effect of the New SARS-CoV-2 Variant B.1.1.7 on Children and Young People
The clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection among children may be similar when infection occurs with the B.1.1.7 variant versus the original strain, according to an analysis of two cohorts of children admitted to King’s College Hospital for COVID-19. The B.1.1.7. variant accounted for ~70% of SARS-CoV-2 infections in London by January 2021 and the two…
Symptoms and Laboratory Manifestations of Mild COVID-19 in a Repatriated Cruise Ship Cohort
Among 49 passengers traveling from Uruguay to Australia on a cruise ship with high COVID-19 incidence in April 2020, 42% were asymptomatic and only 15% of symptomatic cases reported fever. Serial respiratory and rectal swabs were positive for 10% and 5% of participants, respectively, after a median of 3 weeks post-symptom onset. The authors suggest…
February 10, 2021
Cerebrospinal Fluid in COVID-19: A Systematic Review of the Literature
A systematic review of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing for potential viral neuroinvasion in patients with COVID-19 showed that among 303 patients who had CSF SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing, 16 (5%) were positive, and 75% of these positive patients were hospitalized due to neurological symptoms. The authors concluded that detection of SARS-CoV-2 in CSF via PCR is…
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