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Tag: disparities
December 4, 2020
The Effect of Area Deprivation on COVID-19 Risk in Louisiana
Individuals residing in the most deprived neighborhoods in Louisiana had almost 40% higher risk of COVID-19 compared to those in least deprived neighborhoods. Neighborhood deprivation was assessed using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), and publicly available data were used to estimate COVID-19 cumulative case counts. The authors propose that factors that may have contributed to…
December 3, 2020
Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Mortality across Michigan United States
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Examining individual level-death certificate and surveillance data in Michigan from March to October 2020 shows that among 6,056 COVID-19 related deaths, Black individuals experienced 3.6-times the mortality rate compared to white individuals. Among those under 65 years old without comorbidities, Black individuals had a mortality rate 12.6-times that of white individuals….
Disproportionate Incidence of COVID-19 Infection, Hospitalizations, and Deaths Among Persons Identifying as Hispanic or Latino — Denver, Colorado March–October 2020
During the first 7 months (March-October) of the COVID-19 epidemic in Denver, Colorado, a majority of adult COVID-19 cases (55%), hospitalizations (62%), and deaths (51%) were among Hispanic adults, despite Hispanic individuals representing only 25% of the population. Compared to symptomatic non-Hispanic adults, a higher proportion of symptomatic Hispanic adults reported working while ill, working…
Multidisciplinary Community-Based Investigation of a COVID-19 Outbreak Among Marshallese and Hispanic/Latino Communities — Benton and Washington Counties, Arkansas, March–June 2020
An Arkansas Department of Health report from June 2020 reported that Marshallese and Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) persons in Benton and Washington counties accounted for 64% of COVID-19 cases and 57% of associated deaths despite representing approximately 19% of the population. Focus group discussions and key-informant interviews revealed lack of relevant health communications, limited coordination…
Predicted Cellular Immunity Population Coverage Gaps for SARS-CoV-2 Subunit Vaccines and Their Augmentation by Compact Peptide Sets
Using machine learning predictions and clinical data from convalescent COVID-19 patients, Liu et al. developed a vaccine design that would incorporate enough pathogen components to elicit an immune response across a diverse population of people. The study also indicates that current vaccine candidates, which are largely based only on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and receptor…
November 25, 2020
Disaggregating Asian Race Reveals COVID-19 Disparities among Asian Americans at New York City’s Public Hospital System
[Pre-print; not peer-reviewed] A retrospective analysis of 85,328 patients tested for COVID-19 at New York City’s public hospital system between March and May of 2020 found that among Asian American patients, South Asian patients had the highest rates of SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Patients of South Asian descent also had higher rates of comorbid conditions such as…
November 24, 2020
Socio-Economic Status and COVID-19–Related Cases and Fatalities
An analysis of US county-level COVID-19 data and a Distressed Communities Index (DCI) score (n=3,127 counties) found that severely distress counties (DCI score >75) had a small total number of COVID-19 deaths but more deaths per capita. Socio-economic determinants of health most associated with higher per capita cases and fatalities were the percentage of adults…
November 18, 2020
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Presentation and Outcomes for Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: Findings from the American Heart Association’s COVID-19 Cardiovascular Disease Registry
In a large cohort of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the US (n=7,868) during January-July 2020, the overall mortality was 18%, with 53% of all deaths occurring in Black and Hispanic patients. Black patients also had the highest rates of mechanical ventilation (23%) and renal replacement therapy (7%). In-hospital mortality and major cardiovascular or cerebrovascular…
November 16, 2020
Changes in Pediatric Emergency Department Visits for Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
In a cross-sectional study conducted at a children’s hospital in Connecticut, there was a 60.8% reduction in children presenting to emergency departments with mental health-related diagnoses during the early COVID-19 pandemic period compared to 2019. Black children were significantly less likely to present with a mental health condition than white children during the pandemic as…
November 5, 2020
Neighbourhood Income and Physical Distancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States
A strong gradient between neighborhood-level income and physical distancing was observed from smartphone mobility data across the US in 210,288 census block groups from January to April 2020. Though there was an increase in proportion of smartphone users staying at home from all income levels around mid-March, the increase in number of days at home…
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