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Tag: non-pharm interventions
September 4, 2020
Exploring Options for Reprocessing of N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators (N95-FFRs) amidst COVID-19 Pandemic a Systematic Review
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Twenty-one different types of decontamination or reprocessing methods for N95 masks have been evaluated, the most common of which is ultraviolet irradiation. Other techniques found by this systematic review include moist and dry heat and exposure to chemicals, such as ethylene oxide and hydrogen peroxide. Paul et al. (Sept 3, 2020)….
September 3, 2020
Timing of State and Territorial COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders and Changes in Population Movement — United States
Based on location data from mobile devices, mandatory stay-at-home orders issued by states or territories were associated with decreased median population movement compared to the period before orders were implemented. The period after the first state relaxed a stay-at-home order was associated with increased population movement even in states or territories that still had a…
Rapid Real-Time Tracking of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions and Their Association SARS-CoV-2 Positivity: The COVID-19 Pandemic Pulse Study
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Clipman et al. found strong dose-response relationships between frequency of movement (e.g. traveling for non-essential services) and self-reported SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Social distancing practices were associated with a lower likelihood of reporting a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Travel using public transport and visiting a place of worship were also associated with a…
September 2, 2020
Modeling the Combined Effect of Digital Exposure Notification and Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on the COVID-19 Epidemic in Washington State
[Preprint, not peer reviewed] A modeling study based on three counties in Washington state predicts that if 15% of the population participates a in digital exposure notification system, it could reduce SARS-CoV-2 infections by 8% and COVID-19 related deaths by 6%. The authors conclude that this approach could complement traditional contact tracing. Abueg et al….
What Protective Health Measures Are Americans Taking in Response to COVID-19? Results from the COVID Impact Survey
A survey of Americans in ten states and eight metropolitan areas (n=25,269) found that knowing someone who had COVID-19 and/or died from it was strongly associated with taking protective health measures like washing hands, avoiding public places, and canceling social engagements. Qeadan et al. (Aug 29, 2020). What Protective Health Measures Are Americans Taking in…
August 26, 2020
SARS-CoV-2 Phylodynamics Differentiates the Effectiveness of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] By combining phylogenetic data of 5,198 SARS-CoV-2 genomes with the timing of non-pharmaceutical interventions in 57 countries, Rasigade et al. found that home containment and education lockdown had the largest independent impacts on preventing transmission and were predicted to reduce the reproduction number by 35% and 26%, respectively. However, in contexts with…
Strategies at Points of Entry to Reduce Importation Risk of COVID-19 Cases and Re-Open Travel
An assessment of the risk of exportation of active SARS-CoV-2 cases from 153 countries with confirmed COVID-19 cases across six importation risk reduction strategies revealed that testing and isolation of those who test positive is the most effective strategy as long as good testing practices are in place. If testing is not feasible, the authors…
Preventing and Mitigating SARS-CoV-2 Transmission — Four Overnight Camps, Maine
During the 2020 summer camp season, four overnight camps in Maine with 1,022 attendees from 41 states and international locations implemented a multilayered prevention and mitigation strategy that was successful in identifying and isolating three asymptomatic persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection and preventing secondary transmission. The four summer camps, which had similar sizes, session duration, and…
August 25, 2020
Mask Wearing and Control of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in the United States
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Using weekly longitudinal survey results on face mask wearing, US states with higher levels of face mask wearing were more likely to have a SARS-CoV-2 effective reproductive number (Rt) less than 1, which would lead to control of community transmission. A 10% increase in mask wearing was associated with a higher likelihood…
August 24, 2020
A Modelling Framework to Assess the Likely Effectiveness of Facemasks in Combination with ‘Lock-down’ in Managing the COVID-19 Pandemic
Stutt et al. report modeling results that show that when facemasks are used universally, Re can be reduced below one without the use of further mandated lockdowns or other non-pharmaceutical interventions. They conclude that lockdowns in combination with universal facemask use could substantially reduce Re and prevent subsequent waves of disease transmission. Stutt et al….
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