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Tag: public health
January 20, 2021
Epidemiology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in US Immigration and Customs Enforcement Detention Facilities
COVID-19 incidence among people detained by US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) was higher than the incidence in the US general population, with an overall incidence of 214 per 1,000 people (5,810 cases among 27,189 people), with 6 deaths reported. The incidence was higher than in the general population in the surrounding county in 20…
January 19, 2021
Examine the Associations between Perceived Neighborhood Conditions, Physical Activity, and Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic
An online survey using the Amazon Mechanical Turk platform (n=2,667) shows that compared to higher-poverty neighborhoods, low-poverty neighborhoods had more health-promoting neighborhood conditions before the COVID-19 pandemic and had more positive changes, such as higher physical activity through increased walking, during the outbreak. A separate analysis shows that mental health problems were linked to the…
January 14, 2021
COVID-19 Symptom Monitoring and Social Distancing in a University Population
Headache, followed by cough, sore throat, and aches, were the most frequently reported symptoms in a COVID-19 app-based monitoring study conducted within a public university population in the US (n=20,000). Analysis of data from individuals with GPS movement data (n=175) show that reported symptoms or prior COVID-19 contact did not significantly affect individual movement. Wojtusiak…
Testing, Infection and Complication Rates of COVID-19 among People with a Recent History of Homelessness in Ontario, Canada: A Retrospective Cohort Study
A population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada (n=29,407) found that compared to community-dwelling people, people with a recent history of homelessness were more likely to be tested for SARS-CoV-2 and to have a positive test result during the pre-shutdown, peak, and reopening phases of the pandemic. During the peak period, people with a recent…
Bacterial but No SARS-CoV-2 Contamination after Terminal Disinfection of Tertiary Care Intensive Care Units Treating COVID-19 Patients
After disinfection of two tertiary COVID-19 ICUs in Switzerland, no SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected among 86 swabs sampled from defined locations. 90 swabs sampled in parallel in the same locations revealed low contamination with gram-negative bacteria, particularly in sinks and siphons. One ICU was disinfected with Kohrsolin 1% and dry mist hydrogen peroxide, while the…
January 13, 2021
Using Excess Deaths and Testing Statistics to Improve Estimates of COVID-19 Mortalities
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study combining historical and current mortality data, a statistical testing model, and an SIR epidemic model found that average excess deaths across the US were 13% higher than reported COVID-19 deaths. In some areas, such as New York City, the number of weekly deaths was about eight times higher than in…
COVID-19 Trends Among Persons Aged 0 – 24 Years — United States
COVID-19 cases in children, adolescents, and young adults increased since summer 2020, with weekly incidence higher in each successively increasing age group. During March 1–December 12, 2020, a total of 2,871,828 laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 in young people aged 0–24 years were reported in the United States, with the majority (57%) occurring among those aged…
Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Socio-Demographics Co-Morbidity and Past Racial Discrimination
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A cross-sectional online survey of US adults (n=2,650) conducted between Dec 13 and 23, 2020 found that respondents who reported experiences of racial discrimination had 21% increased odds of higher vaccine hesitancy compared to those who did not report such experience. Vaccine hesitancy was measured using a scale ranging from 1 (low…
January 11, 2021
Health Websites on COVID-19: Are They Readable and Credible Enough to Help Public Self-Care?
A study evaluating the readability of websites with COVID-19-related information found reading levels were suitable for high school graduates or college students, which is higher than the recommended readability level. Search terms “coronavirus,” “COVID,” and “COVID-19” were input into Google, and the first thirty website results for each search term were evaluated. Most websites (87.2%)…
Antibiotic Prescribing in Patients with COVID-19: Rapid Review and Meta-Analysis
A rapid review and meta-analysis (n=154 studies, 30,623 patients) concluded that three quarters of patients with COVID-19 received antibiotics, which was significantly higher than the prevalence of bacterial co-infection (8.6% from 31 studies). Antibiotic prescribing was lower in children (prevalence OR = 0.10) compared to adults, and higher with increasing patient age (OR 1.45 per…
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