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Tag: risk factors
November 12, 2020
Smoking Doubles the Mortality Risk in COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis of Recent Reports and Potential Mechanisms
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 studies (n = 11,189 COVID-19 patients) found that smokers had a 2-fold increased risk of mortality compared to non-smokers. There was no difference in mortality risk between current and former smokers. Salah et al. (Oct 7, 2020). Smoking Doubles the Mortality Risk in COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis of Recent…
Risk Factors for Mortality of Residents in Nursing Homes with Covid-19 a Retrospective Cohort Study
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] In a retrospective study of 167 nursing homes providing long-term care in Spain, the risk of COVID-19 related death was greater in facilities with a higher percentage of complex patients or advanced diseases, lower capacity for implementing preventive measures, and in districts with higher incidence of COVID-19. A higher population density…
November 9, 2020
Validation of Home Oxygen Saturations as a Marker of Clinical Deterioration in Patients with Suspected COVID-19
[Preprint, not peer-reviewed] A retrospective cohort study among 1,080 COVID-19 patients conveyed by ambulance to the hospital in the UK found that oxygen saturation measurements at first point of contact in the community were the most predictive of 30-day COVID-19 mortality or ICU admission, with an area under receiver operator curve (AUROC) of 0.8. This…
November 4, 2020
SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among Children in the Biospecimens from Respiratory Virus-Exposed Kids (BRAVE Kids) Study
A prospective cohort study in North Carolina found that 77% of children and adolescents living with a close household contact infected with SARS-CoOV-2 had a positive SARS-COV2 PCR test. Hispanic ethnicity (OR=1.5) and having an infected sibling close contact (OR=1.7) were associated with increased infection risk. One or more symptoms were reported by 70% of…
November 3, 2020
The Impact of Substance Use Disorder on COVID-19 Outcomes
Persons with substance use disorders may be more vulnerable to adverse effects of COVID-19, according to a cohort study of COVID-19 patients (n=11,124) matched for demographic characteristics and presence of diabetes and obesity. Analysis showed that substance use disorder was associated with a 1.84-fold increased risk of hospitalization, 1.45-fold increased risk of ventilator use, and…
October 30, 2020
Estimated Association of Construction Work With Risks of COVID-19 Infection and Hospitalization in Texas
A decision analytical model for COVID-19 found that resuming unrestricted construction work during shelter-in-place orders in Texas was associated with a higher risk of community hospitalizations due to SARS-CoV-2 (0.38 to 1.5 per 1000 residents) and increased risk of hospitalization of workers (0.22 to 9.3 per 1000 construction workers). Construction workers in central Texas had…
SARS-CoV-2 Exposure and Infection Among Health Care Personnel — Minnesota, March 6–July 11, 2020
Compared to healthcare personnel with higher-risk exposures working in acute care settings, those working in congregate living or long-term care settings were less likely to wear appropriate PPE, more often returned to work during 14-day post-exposure monitoring (57%), more often worked while symptomatic (5%), and were more likely to receive a positive test result during…
October 29, 2020
Evaluating the Effect of Demographic Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, and Risk Aversion on Mobility during the COVID-19 Epidemic in France under Lockdown: A Population-Based Study
Analysis of mobile phone data in France showed that the March lockdown was effective in reducing population mobility, reducing countrywide displacements from 57 to approximately 20 million trips per day (65% reduction). Mobility drops were strongly associated with regions with active populations, workers employed in sectors highly affected by the lockdown, and hospitalizations. However, anomalous…
October 26, 2020
Type 2 Diabetes and COVID-19–Related Mortality in the Critical Care Setting: A National Cohort Study in England, March–July 2020
Results from a national cohort study in England indicated that type 2 diabetes may be an independent prognostic factor for death in people with severe COVID-19 requiring critical care treatment. Young people were found to have the greatest risk increase associated with type 2 diabetes. While patients with type 2 diabetes across all ages were…
Outcomes of COVID-19 Related Hospitalization among People with HIV in the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterization Protocol (UK): A Prospective Observational Study
HIV-positive status was associated with an increased risk of day-28 mortality among patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in a study across more than 200 centers in the UK. Individuals presenting to the clinics who were HIV-positive were younger (median 56 versus 74 years) and had fewer comorbidities, more systemic symptoms and higher lymphocyte counts and C-reactive…
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