Result for
Tag: transmission
September 9, 2020
COVID-19 Prevalence among People Experiencing Homelessness and Homelessness Service Staff during Early Community Transmission in Atlanta, Georgia, April-May 2020
In Atlanta, Georgia, people experiencing homelessness who were living in shelters had higher SARS-CoV-2 prevalence compared with those living unsheltered (2% vs. 0.5%). These findings were based on a survey of 2,860 individuals at 24 shelters and 9 unsheltered outreach events undergoing SARS-CoV-2 testing (April 7-May 6, 2020). Prevalence by shelter ranged from 0% to…
September 3, 2020
Towards Improved Social Distancing Guidelines Space and Time Dependence of Virus Transmission from Speech-Driven Aerosol Transport Between Two Individuals
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] A modeling analysis considering air flow and aerosol transport parameters suggests that physical distancing guidelines should also include a contact time recommendation. The authors recommend less than 5 minutes of contact at a distance of one meter apart and less than 15 minutes for two meters apart in scenarios where an…
Temporal Profile and Determinants of Viral Shedding and of Viral Clearance Confirmation on Nasopharyngeal Swabs from SARS-CoV-2-Positive Subjects: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study in Reggio Emilia, Italy
Sixty percent (704/1162) of patients with confirmed COVID-19 did not have detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA on a subsequent nasopharyngeal sample at a median time of 30 days (IQR 23-40) from diagnosis and 36 days (IQR (28-45) from symptom onset. However, 21% of participants with a negative sample had a subsequent positive sample, suggesting a high false…
September 2, 2020
Cross-Sectional Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Among Skilled Nursing Facility Employees and Residents Across Facilities in Seattle
Between March 29 and May 13, 2020, 16 skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) in the Seattle area (1,583 employees and 1,208 residents) were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR, of which 11 (69%) SNFs had one or more employees or residents positive. Overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was 3% among employees and 9% among residents. Despite facility policies…
September 1, 2020
Community Outbreak Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Among Bus Riders in Eastern China
In a community outbreak involving two buses with indoor air recirculation on a 100-minute roundtrip to attend a worship event in Zhejiang province, passengers in the bus that had the index case had a 34% higher risk of getting COVID-19 compared to the other bus. Dividing seats on the exposed bus into high- and low-risk…
Outbreak of COVID-19 in a Nursing Home Associated with Aerosol Transmission as a Result of Inadequate Ventilation. Clinical Infectious Diseases
Inadequate ventilation may promote aerosol transmission, as suggested by an outbreak in one of the wards of a Dutch nursing home that was recently renovated with a ventilation system that only circulates outside air when the indoor CO2 concentration is below a certain concentration. Over 6 days, this ward reported 17 (81%) residents and 17…
August 31, 2020
Low Risk of COVID-19 among Patients Exposed to Infected Healthcare Workers
Baker et al. found a low risk to patients of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection from an infected health care worker. They tested 226 of 238 patients exposed to SARS-CoV-2 by 60 infected health care workers at a large hospital in Boston between March 1 and June 10, 2020 and found that only 2 patients tested positive…
Genomic Evidence for a Case of Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2
Tillett et al. found evidence of SARS-CoV-2 re-infection by identifying two viruses with distinct genetic sequences corresponding to two different periods of illness in the same person. The two positive specimens were collected 48 days apart from a patient in Nevada. In between collection of the two positive samples, the patient made a full symptomatic…
August 28, 2020
Prevalence of Surface Contamination With SARS-CoV-2 in a Radiation Oncology Clinic
In a quality improvement study of a radiation oncology department in New Jersey, 128 environmental swabs were obtained following WHO protocols over 6 days from May 1 to May 13 (peak daily rate for New Jersey), of which none were positive for SARS-CoV-2. The investigators suggest routine cleaning and disinfecting protocols appear to be adequate…
Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis: SARS-CoV-2 Stool Testing and the Potential for Faecal-Oral Transmission
A systematic review of stool testing for SARS-CoV-2 (95 studies) showed that 934/2149 (43%) patients tested positive by stool sample or by anal swab, with positive results up to 70 days after symptom onset. Fecal samples of 282/443 (64%) remained positive even after respiratory samples became negative, for a mean of 12.5 days, and viable…
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