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Tag: transmission
June 15, 2021
Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in All of Us Research Program Participants, January 2-March 18, 2020
SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected in persons from diverse geographic regions in the US prior to the first syndromic cases identified by PCR, according to analysis of samples collected as part of the All of Us study. The All of Us study was started in 2018 and has enrolled a diverse population of US adults from…
June 9, 2021
Ct Values Do Not Predict SARS-CoV-2 Transmissibility in College Students
PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values, a proxy measurement for viral load, were not significantly different between SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with at least one confirmed infected contact (i.e., spreaders) (n=94) and infected individuals with no infected contacts (i.e., non-spreaders) (n=101) in a retrospective study of routine screening data from Tulane University obtained between September and October 2020…
Exposures Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in France: A Nationwide Online Case-Control Study
SARS-CoV-2 infection risk was associated with having frequented bars and restaurants (OR=1.95) or attending private gatherings (aOR=1.57), according to a multivariate analysis of an online survey administered in France to SARS-CoV-2-infected adults (n=3,426). Survey participants were matched to non-infected controls (n=1713) from October to November by age, sex, population density, and time period. Having one…
June 7, 2021
Early Epidemiological Signatures of Novel SARS-CoV-2 Variants Establishment of B.1.617.2 in England
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study in the UK suggested that many SARS-CoV-2 cases were S-gene positive, a pattern associated with the B.1.617.2 variant, which the authors suggest may become dominant over B.1.1.7. In early 2021, the majority of positive SARS-CoV-2 tests in England were genomically sequenced (74% in April 2021), with the sequencing subject to…
Comparative Household Secondary Attack Rates Associated with B.1.1.7 B.1.351 and P.1 SARS-CoV-2 Variants
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study conducted in Ontario, Canada found that household secondary attack rates were 20.2% for wild-type, 25.1% for B.1.1.7, 27.2% for B.1.351 or P.1, and 23.3% for non-variants of concern (VOC) mutations in SARS-CoV-2. Cases were grouped into households based on reported residential address: 7,555 (28%) were wild-type, 17,058 (63%) were B.1.1.7,…
June 4, 2021
Variant-of-Concern-Attributable Health and Health System-Related Outcomes a Population-Level Propensity-Score Matched Cohort Study
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A population-based propensity-score matched cohort study of all incident laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases in Ontario, Canada found that SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern are associated with a higher odds of hospitalization (OR=2.3), ICU admission (OR=3.3), and mortality among persons hospitalized (OR=1.6) and not hospitalized (OR=1.8) for COVID-19 relative to earlier wild-type strains. The findings…
Implementing Mandatory Testing and a Public Health Commitment to Control COVID-19 on a College Campus
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A report from George Washington University, a large urban university in Washington, DC, highlighted the institution’s successes in mitigating the spread of SARS-CoV-2 among students and staff. Mitigation measures included development of a dedicated rapid and high-throughput COVID-19 laboratory, weekly and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 testing, and daily risk screening and symptom monitoring. During…
Interim Estimates of Increased Transmissibility Growth Rate and Reproduction Number of the Covid-19 B.1.617.2 Variant of Concern in the United Kingdom
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A modeling study found that the effective reproduction number of B.1.617.2 (WHO label Delta, first described in India) is almost certainly higher than that of B.1.1.7 (WHO label Alpha). The study used genomically sequenced cases from the UK diagnosed between March and May 2021 and excluded recent travelers in order to reflect…
COVID-19 Transmission in Group Living Environments and Households
A study of persons with recent contact with patients with SARS-CoV-2 (N=4,550) found that risk of transmission was highest among persons living in dormitories (28%) and was similar for persons with household contact (13%) and those with close contact outside of their residence (11%). The transmission rate in these three groups were significantly higher than…
June 3, 2021
SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Viral Isolations among Serially Tested Cats and Dogs in Households with Infected Owners in Texas, USA
In a longitudinal study of 76 dogs and cats living with at least one SARS-CoV-2 infected human in Texas, 4 pets were PCR-positive for SARS-CoV-2, while 14 pets had detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (including 2 of the 4 PCR-positive pets). Re-sampling showed persistent PCR positivity up to 25 days and sequencing of PCR samples showed…
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