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Tag: transmission
April 7, 2021
No Evidence of Infectious SARS-CoV-2 in Human Milk Analysis of a Cohort of 110 Lactating Women
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A cohort study of lactating individuals found that while SARS-CoV-2 RNA could be found in the breastmilk of some people with recent infection, there was no evidence that it contained infectious virus or that breastfeeding posed a risk of infection to infants. Breast milk samples from 110 individuals (65 confirmed positive, 36…
Risk Quantification for SARS-CoV-2 Infection through Airborne Transmission in University Settings
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] An infection probability model of SARS-CoV-2 infection risk in US universities found that in-person lectures can likely be held safely in large lecture halls that allow for social distancing (infection probability <1%), while classes in smaller rooms may not be safe. In addition, while in-person dining may pose higher risk, meals for…
April 6, 2021
Incubation Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019: New Implications for Intervention and Control
The median incubation period between SARS-CoV-2 exposure and symptom onset was 7 days, based on the estimated exposure date from 787 non-Wuhan cases (of which 598 are from mainland China). A longer incubation period was positively correlated with age and negatively correlated with disease severity. 92% of infected persons developed symptoms within 14 days. Huang…
April 5, 2021
Outbreak of COVID-19 and Interventions in a Large Jail — Cook County, IL, United States, 2020
From March 1–April 30, 2020, 907 symptomatic and asymptomatic cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were detected among detained persons (n = 628) and staff (n = 279) in a large jail in Chicago, representing an attributable risk of 13%. Of 1,256 detained persons tested for SARS-CoV-2, 628 (50%) were positive, among whom 479 (76%) were symptomatic. Early interventions included enhanced…
Community Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Associated with a Local Bar Opening Event — Illinois, February 2021
Forty-six cases of COVID-19 were linked to an opening event for an indoor bar (accommodates ~100 persons) in rural Illinois in February 2021 (26 cases among patrons, 3 among staff, and 17 secondary cases). Among secondary cases, 12 occurred in eight households with children, two on a school sports team, and three in a long-term…
April 2, 2021
A Comprehensive Analysis of COVID-19 Transmission and Mortality Rates at the County Level in the United States Considering Socio-Demographics, Health Indicators, Mobility Trends and Health Care Infrastructure Attributes
Restricting county-level mobility through a stay-at-home-order (SAHO) with 50% compliance could result in a potential reduction of about 33% in daily COVID-19 cases, according to a modeling study. The models used smartphone mobility data and COVID-19 case and death data from March to August 2020 in 1,752 US counties that had at least 100 recorded…
An Investigation into the Rates of Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during the First 6 Weeks of the 2020–2021 Academic Year in Primary and Post-Primary Schools in Cork and Kerry, Ireland
The overall incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in-school transmission was 4% during the first 6 weeks of the 2020-2021 academic year in primary and post-primary schools located in Cork and Kerry counties in southwest Ireland, according to government health records. Positivity among students and staff were 3% and 7%, respectively. For roughly every week spent by an…
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment for Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via Breathing, Speaking, Singing, Coughing, and Sneezing
Risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via aerosols beyond 1.5 meters can be low depending on the activity by which they are expelled, according to a risk assessment model using published data on expelled droplets by various activities and in vitro estimates of an infectious dose. In a 100m3 room after 20 minutes of exposure from breathing,…
The Impact of the Non-Essential Business Closure Policy on Covid-19 Infection Rates
Workers designated as having essential jobs had an estimated 55% higher likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to those with non-essential jobs in Pennsylvania from February to June 2020, according to a difference-in-differences model based on medical claims data. Household transmission was also estimated to be higher among essential workers. Dependents and roommates cohabiting with an…
Rapid Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in a State Prison After Introduction by Newly Transferred Incarcerated Persons — Wisconsin, August 14–October 22, 2020
In a Wisconsin state medium-security prison, 79% of the incarcerated population and 3% of staff members contracted SARS-CoV-2 in a span of 8 weeks after the prison received six newly transferred persons who were not identified to be SARS-CoV-2 positive at the time of intake. On August 13 the transferred persons were quarantined with other…
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