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Tag: treatment
September 30, 2020
Efficacy and Safety of Hydroxychloroquine vs Placebo for Pre-Exposure SARS-CoV-2 Prophylaxis Among Health Care Workers
Daily administration of hydroxychloroquine to hospital-based healthcare workers as pre-exposure prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection did not change infection risk between participants receiving hydroxychloroquine vs placebo (6.3% vs 6.6%, p>0.99) in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (n=132). The trial was terminated early due to futility and may have been underpowered to detect clinically important differences. Abella…
September 29, 2020
Anti-C5a Antibody IFX-1 (Vilobelimab) Treatment versus Best Supportive Care for Patients with Severe COVID-19 (PANAMO): An Exploratory, Open-Label, Phase 2 Randomised Controlled Trial
An exploratory, open-label, phase 2 randomized trial of the monoclonal antibody IFX-1 (vilobelimab) in adults with severe COVID-19 indicated that C5a inhibition with the drug appeared to be safe. Mortality estimates at 28 days were 13% for the IFX-1 group and 27% for the control group, although the authors note that this outcome is preliminary…
September 25, 2020
Efficacy of corticosteroid treatment for hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19: a multicenter study
Corticosteroid treatment of COVID-19 patients was not statistically significantly associated with lower mortality across all patients with COVID-19, but there was significantly lower mortality among the sub-group of patients with severe respiratory failure. A multicenter observational study (February 22 to June 30, 2020) found that 170 of 513 COVID-19 patients were treated with corticosteroids, and…
September 24, 2020
Decreased Mortality in COVID-19 Patients Treated with Tocilizumab: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Tocilizumab was associated with a lower mortality (RR:0.27, 95% CI: 0.12-0.59; risk difference 12%, 95% CI: 4.6%-20%) based on pooled data from 10 studies comprising 1358 patients with COVID-19. The number needed to treat was 11, suggesting that 1 death is prevented for every 11 patients with severe COVID-19 treated with tocilizumab. No differences in…
Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial with N-Acetylcysteine for Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Caused by COVID-19
In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in Brazil among people with severe COVID-19, the frequency of intubation was similar in the NAC (20.6%) vs. placebo (23.9%) groups (p=0.68). No differences in secondary endpoints (ICU admission, time in ICU, and mortality) were observed. de Alencar et al. (Sept 23, 2020). Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial…
September 23, 2020
Second Week Methyl-Prednisolone Pulses Improve Prognosis in Patients with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia: An Observational Comparative Study Using Routine Care Data
Receiving methyl-prednisolone pulses (MP) during the second week of COVID-19 disease was associated with lower risk of death or intubation in a study among 242 patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia admitted at a university hospital in Spain (aHR=0.34, 95%CI 0.1-0.8). Ruiz-Irastorza et al. (Sept 22, 2020). Second Week Methyl-Prednisolone Pulses Improve Prognosis in Patients with…
September 22, 2020
Glucocorticoid Therapy Does Not Delay Viral Clearance in COVID-19 Patients
Glucocorticoid therapy did not change viral clearance or peripheral lymphocyte counts in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort study from two hospitals in China. Time to viral clearance among participants with severe or critical COVID-19 was 26 days in participants who received glucocorticoids (n=72) versus 25.5 days in participants who did not (n=108). In…
A Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label Trial of Early versus Late Favipiravir in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19
There was no significant difference in the rate of SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance between patients receiving early treatment with the anti-viral agent favipiravir and those receiving late treatment in a prospective, randomized, open-label, multicenter trial at 25 hospitals across Japan (aHR=1.42; 95%CI 0.76–2.62). Favipiravir did not significantly improve viral clearance as measured by RT-PCR by day…
Hydroxychloroquine as Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for COVID-19 in Healthcare Workers a Randomized Trial
Pre-exposure prophylaxis with hydroxychloroquine once or twice weekly did not significantly reduce laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 or COVID-19-compatible illness among healthcare workers in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. For once weekly hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis, the hazard ratio was 0.72 (95%CI 0.44 to 1.16) and for twice weekly it was 0.74 (95%CI 0.46 to 1.19), as compared with…
September 21, 2020
Factors Associated with Good Patient Outcomes Following Convalescent Plasma in COVID-19: A Prospective Phase II Clinical Trial
Of 38 hospitalized COVID-19 patients who received convalescent plasma in Connecticut and Massachusetts, 24 (63%) recovered and were discharged, and 14 (37%) died. Sixteen patients (42%) with severe illness who received plasma early in disease progression had lower mortality (13% vs. 55%, p<0.02) and shorter mean hospital length of stay (15.4 vs. 33 days, p<0.01)…
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