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Tag: treatment
March 1, 2021
Antibodies with Potent and Broad Neutralizing Activity against Antigenically Diverse and Highly Transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Variants
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study identifying the structural and functional determinants of serum with broad neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 determined that combinations of two antibodies with broadly neutralizing activity decrease the in vitro generation of escape mutants. The structural characteristics of four monoclonal receptor-binding domain-targeting antibodies isolated from three early-outbreak convalescent donors with broadly neutralizing polyclonal…
February 26, 2021
An Updated Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of 25 Randomized Trials Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Treatments in COVID-19 Disease
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials published between the beginning of the pandemic and September 2020 found that ten days of remdesivir compared to standard care was associated with a lower risk of death in patients with COVID-19. The review, which covered 25 trials evaluating 17 treatments among a total of 11,597 patients,…
Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19 — Preliminary Report
In patients hospitalized with COVID-19, the administration of 6 mg/day for ten days of the steroid dexamethasone resulted in statistically significantly lower 28-day mortality among those who were receiving either invasive mechanical ventilation (29% vs. 41%) or oxygen alone (23% vs. 26%) at randomization but not among those receiving no respiratory support (18% vs. 14%)….
Bamlanivimab Does Not Neutralize Two SARS-CoV-2 Variants Carrying E484K in Vitro
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] An in vitro study of the neutralizing ability of the monoclonal antibody treatment bamlanivimab against five emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern determined no neutralization effect could be detected against either the B.1.351 (first described in South Africa) or P.2 (first described in Brazil) variants, both of which harbor the E484K substitution. The…
Interleukin-6 Receptor Antagonists in Critically Ill Patients with Covid-19
A trial of two IL-6 receptor antagonists, tocilizumab and sarilumab, in critically ill hospitalized adults with confirmed COVID-19 found that in-hospital mortality in the pooled IL-6 receptor antagonist groups was 27% (108 of 395 patients), as compared with 36% (142 of 397 patients) in the group of people receiving standard care, which results in a…
Tocilizumab in Hospitalized Patients with Severe Covid-19 Pneumonia
A multi-center phase 3 clinical trial of intravenous treatment using the IL-6 receptor antagonists tocilizumab in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia found that tocilizumab did not result in significantly better clinical status or reduced mortality compared to placebo (19.7% vs 19.4%) at 28 days. At day 14, clinical status was also not to be…
February 24, 2021
Effect of a Genetically Engineered Interferon-Alpha versus Traditional Interferon-Alpha in the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe COVID-19: A Randomised Clinical Trial
A randomized clinical trial comparing the effectiveness of a modified “super-compound interferon” (rSIFN-co) to standard of care in China (which includes treatment with traditional interferon-alpha) indicated that rSIFN-co was associated with a shorter time to clinical improvement. Patients were blinded to treatment arm and received the standard of care, which also included lopinavir-ritonavir or umifenovir…
February 23, 2021
Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in 8000 U.S. First-time Convalescent Plasma Donations
The average SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels among first-time US COVID-19 convalescent plasma donations have dropped significantly, according to a longitudinal analysis of 8,749 plasma units collected from April to September 2020. The decrease in mean IgG values were significantly correlated with decreases in mean plasma donor age and the percentage of units obtained from donors who…
February 22, 2021
Use of Convalescent Plasma in Patients with Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A systematic review and meta-analysis of convalescent plasma (CP) treatment indicated that CP had no effect on mortality (RR = 1.02), and that evidence was insufficient to recommend the use of CP in the treatment of moderate or severe COVID-19. The analysis identified 10 randomized controlled trials involving 11,854 patients in which…
Decreased Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Global Variants by Therapeutic Anti-Spike Protein Monoclonal Antibodies
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study testing the ability of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies REGN10933 and REGN10987 to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7, B.1.351, mink cluster 5, and COH.20G/677H found that REGN10987 maintained most neutralization activity against viruses with B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and mink cluster 5 spike proteins. REGN10933 was not effective against B.1.351, which may be due to…
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