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Tag: treatment
February 18, 2021
The Efficacy and Safety of Favipiravir in Treatment of COVID-19 A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] A systematic review and meta-analysis of nine clinical trials found the antiviral medication favipiravir was associated with a significant clinical improvement (vs control) 7 days after hospital admission (RR=1.24). Risk of viral clearance by 14 days of hospital admission was higher while requirements for supplemental oxygen therapy and mortality were lower…
February 17, 2021
501Y.V2 and 501Y.V3 Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Lose Binding to Bamlanivimab in Vitro
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Three mutations found in the B.1.1.351 variant (first identified in South Africa) and the P1 variant (first identified in Brazil) completely abolished the interaction of monoclonal antibody treatment bamlanivimab with the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the virus. Additionally, the K417N, E484K, and N501Y mutations found in the variants had higher binding…
Effect of a Single High Dose of Vitamin D3 on Hospital Length of Stay in Patients With Moderate to Severe COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial
A randomized clinical trial involving 240 patients hospitalized with moderate to severe COVID-19 found that compared with placebo, a single dose (200,000 IU) of vitamin D3 did not significantly reduce length of hospital stay (HR = 1.07). The difference between the vitamin D3 group and the placebo group was not significant for in-hospital mortality (8%…
February 13, 2021
Effect of High-Dose Zinc and Ascorbic Acid Supplementation vs Usual Care on Symptom Length and Reduction Among Ambulatory Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The COVID A to Z Randomized Clinical Trial
Results of a randomized trial among 214 patients with lab-confirmed COVID-19 suggest that high-dose zinc, high-dose ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and a combination of the two do not significantly change the duration of symptoms. Patients who received usual care without supplementation achieved a 50% reduction in symptoms at a mean of 6.7 days compared with…
Early Initiation of Prophylactic Anticoagulation for Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Mortality in Patients Admitted to Hospital in the United States: Cohort Study
Among 4,297 patients admitted to hospitals with lab-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and no history of using anticoagulation medications, initiation of prophylactic anticoagulation in the first 24 hours after hospitalization was associated with a 27% lower risk of 30-day mortality and no increased risk of serious bleeding events. The cumulative incidence of mortality at 30 days was…
Tocilizumab in Patients Admitted to Hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): Preliminary Results of a Randomised, Controlled, Open-Label, Platform Trial
[pre-print; not peer-reviewed] Preliminary results from the RECOVERY trial, a randomized trial conducted among people hospitalized with COVID-19 in Britain, suggest that patients assigned to the interleukin (IL)-6 antibody tocilizumab group were more likely to be discharged from the hospital alive within 28 days than those receiving usual care (54% vs. 47%). Patients in the…
February 10, 2021
SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Effectively Treated and Prevented by EIDD-2801
Mice implanted with human lung tissue may serve as an effective animal model to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection and to test potential treatments and preventive agents. A study of human lung-only mice (LoM) showed that this platform can be used to study SARS-CoV-2 infection in vivo in ways that allows direct comparison of outcomes between mice…
Major Update: Remdesivir for Adults With COVID-19
Updates from a living systematic review and meta-analysis of remdesivir for adults with COVID-19 indicated that remdesivir likely results in little to no mortality difference (RR=0.93, n=4 randomized trials), but potentially improves the percentage recovered and may result in a small reduction in the proportion receiving ventilation (RR=0.71, n=3 randomized trials). Compared to a 10-day…
February 8, 2021
Remdesivir for Treatment of COVID-19; an Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis of remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19 showed that data from randomized controlled trials (n=5 trials) indicated significant improvement in the 28-day recovery rate, need for low flow oxygen support through day 14, and mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation requirement through days 14 to 28 of follow-up in the…
Impact of Systemic Corticosteroids on Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 January 2021 Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A meta-analysis of five peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (n = 7,645 patients) of systemic corticosteroid treatment for COVID-19 showed no overall difference in survival among hospitalized patients who received systemic corticosteroid therapy compared to usual care or placebo (OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.64 – 1.05). Subgroup analysis of 1,967 critically ill…
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