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Tag: vaccines
June 15, 2021
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Case Series
In solid organ transplant recipients, a third dose of a COVID-19 vaccine was not able to elicit detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses in 53% of participants in a cohort study (n=30). Prior to receiving the third dose, 80% of patients did not have detectable antibody responses. All patients were fully vaccinated with mRNA vaccines (57% Pfizer-BioNTech,…
Naturally Enhanced Neutralizing Breadth against SARS-CoV-2 One Year after Infection
82% of individuals recovered from COVID-19 maintained RBD-specific IgG titers, RBD-specific B cells, and neutralizing activities between 6-12 months after infection, according to analysis of 68 recovered individuals, suggesting long-lived immunity to COVID-19. In 41% of participants who received an mRNA vaccine, vaccination increased IgG responses by 30-fold, neutralizing activity by 50-fold, and circulating number…
June 9, 2021
Delayed Antibody and T-Cell Response to BNT162b2 Vaccination in the Elderly, Germany
In a cohort of elderly residents of an assisted living facility in Germany (n=71, median age 81 years) vaccinated with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine only 46% (24 of 52) developed neutralizing antibodies 3 weeks after the first dose and 90% (63 of 70) 4 weeks after the second dose. In contrast, 91% (97 of 107) of…
Functional Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Elicited Antibodies in Immunologically Nave and Pre-Immune Humans
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine elicited higher neutralizing and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody binding responses in individuals with prior infection (n=32) compared to those without prior infection (n=20). The second vaccine dose did not significantly increase neutralizing or binding antibody levels in individuals with prior infection, whereas the second dose was required to induce antibody responses…
June 8, 2021
Decreases in COVID-19 Cases, Emergency Department Visits, Hospital Admissions, and Deaths Among Older Adults Following the Introduction of COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, September 6, 2020–May 1, 2021
The rate ratios for COVID-19 incidence, emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, and deaths comparing adults aged ≥65 years (≥70 years for hospitalizations) to adults aged 18-49 years during a 2-week period in April 2021 declined by 40%, 59%, and 65%, respectively compared to a pre-vaccination period in November to December 2020. The authors conclude that…
June 4, 2021
Prevention and Attenuation of COVID-19 by BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 Vaccines
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A prospective cohort study (N=3,975) of healthcare personnel and other frontline workers estimated the real-world effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines and found that the adjusted effectiveness of full vaccination was 92% (95% CI 76-97%) and effectiveness of partial vaccination was 81% (95% CI 64-90%). Additionally, among partially or fully vaccinated…
Humoral and Cellular Immune Response against SARS-CoV-2 Variants Following Heterologous and Homologous ChAdOx1 NCoV-19BNT162b2 Vaccination
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study of persons who received one dose of the AstraZeneca SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (N=129) found that a heterologous boost with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine induced significantly higher frequencies of spike-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cells and neutralizing antibodies compared to receipt of a second dose of AstraZeneca. These neutralizing antibodies were highly effective against…
June 3, 2021
Transient Cardiac Injury in Adolescents Receiving the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine
Mild perimyocariditis following vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was reported in 7 adolescent males aged 16-18 years across 3 pediatric medical centers in Israel. Patients presented with chest pain 1-3 days following vaccination, with symptoms beginning following the second dose in 6 of the 7 patients. All cases were mild, and none required cardiovascular or…
Efficacy and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
In a systematic review and meta-analysis of 25 randomized trials assessing safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, mRNA-based (e.g., Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna) and adenovirus-vectored (e.g., Oxford-AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson, Sputnik V) vaccines had the highest efficacy in phase 2/3 trials (94.6% and 80.2%, respectively). The mRNA-based vaccines had the highest level of side effects reported,…
COVID-19 Vaccination Advice via SMS-Based Video to Improve Vaccination Uncertainty in at-Risk Groups
An SMS/text messaging-based intervention to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy using a short web-based education video delivered to a cohort of immunosuppressed patients in the UK (n=8,886, 27% response rate) was associated with an increase in the proportion of patients who reported being aware that vaccines were safe and recommended from 36% to 88% among those…
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