Result for
Topic: Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions
November 20, 2020
Trends in County-Level COVID-19 Incidence in Counties With and Without a Mask Mandate — Kansas, June 1–August 23, 2020
After implementation of mask mandates in 24 Kansas counties, the increasing trend in COVID-19 incidence reversed. Although rates were considerably higher in mandated counties than in non-mandated counties, rates in mandated counties declined markedly after July 3, compared with those in non-mandated counties. Kansas counties that had mask mandates in place appear to have mitigated…
November 19, 2020
Effectiveness of Adding a Mask Recommendation to Other Public Health Measures to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Danish Mask Wearers
An individually randomized controlled trial in Denmark from April to May 2020 (n=4,862) found that among participants spending at least 3 hours outside of home per day without occupational mask use and already practicing physical distancing, the intervention to recommend wearing a surgical mask when outside of home did not significantly reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection among…
November 17, 2020
Implementation of a Pooled Surveillance Testing Program for Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections on a College Campus — Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, August 2–October 11, 2020
Duke University observed limited SARS-CoV-2 transmission during fall 2020, which is likely due to widespread adoption of risk-reduction behaviors, large-scale asymptomatic pooled testing for SARS-CoV-2, and contact tracing. Participation in asymptomatic testing was 95%, with 68,913 tests performed among 10,265 students, resulted in 84 positive cases detected. Most were identified through pool testing (35%) and…
November 13, 2020
Association of Social Distancing and Masking with Risk of COVID-19
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] People living in communities with the greatest social distancing had a 31% lower risk of predicted COVID-19 compared to those living in communities with poor social distancing, according to a prospective study of 198,077 participants using the COVID Symptom Study smartphone app. In addition, among people living in communities with poor social…
November 10, 2020
The Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Mitigation Strategies on Seasonal Respiratory Viruses: A Tale of Two Large Metropolitan Centers in the United States
Public health measures implemented to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission may have reduced the transmission of other seasonal respiratory viruses. In a retrospective review of medical records from health systems in Atlanta and Boston, average reproductive number (Rt) was found to remain above 1 for much longer in the past 5 seasons for influenza A, influenza B,…
November 9, 2020
Effectiveness of Contact Tracing and Quarantine on Reducing COVID-19 Transmission: A Retrospective Cohort Study
A cohort study among COVID-19 patients in Portugal (n=551) from March 1 to April 30, 2020 found no significant difference in the attack rate from index cases between patients who received contact tracing, isolated and had close contacts who were quarantined and those who did not (12%, 95% CI 7–19% vs. 9%, 95% CI 8–11%,…
November 6, 2020
Declines in SARS-CoV-2 Transmission, Hospitalizations, and Mortality After Implementation of Mitigation Measures— Delaware, March–June 2020
COVID-19 mitigation measures in Delaware, including stay-at-home orders, public mask mandates, and case investigations with contact tracing followed by isolation or quarantine, likely contributed to an observed 82% reduction in COVID-19 incidence, an 88% reduction in hospitalizations, and a 100% reduction in mortality in the state during late April–June. The authors note that barriers to…
November 5, 2020
The Impact of Believing You Have Had COVID-19 on Self-Reported Behaviour: Cross-Sectional Survey
A cross-sectional survey of UK adults (n=6,149) found 24.3% of participants perceived they previously had COVID-19, although only 4% reported receiving a positive test. Participants who believed they had COVID-19 were more likely to report believing they had some level of immunity, and less likely to report adhering to lockdown measures, being worried about COVID-19,…
Public Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Recommended Non-Pharmaceutical Intervention Behaviors to Mitigate the Spread of SARS-CoV-2
In a cross-sectional survey among US adults (n=3,474), 52.7% reported having “high” perceptions of the effectiveness of recommended behaviors against COVID-19 infection. In regression analysis, COVID-19 related worry and perceived threat to physical health were positively associated with perceived effectiveness. Adjusting for demographics, healthcare characteristics, and health beliefs, perceived severity of COVID-19 and perceived likelihood…
Neighbourhood Income and Physical Distancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States
A strong gradient between neighborhood-level income and physical distancing was observed from smartphone mobility data across the US in 210,288 census block groups from January to April 2020. Though there was an increase in proportion of smartphone users staying at home from all income levels around mid-March, the increase in number of days at home…
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