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Topic: Public Health Policy and Practice
October 13, 2020
Warning ‘Don’t Spread’ versus ‘Don’t Be a Spreader’ to Prevent the COVID-19 Pandemic
A study investigating the wording of COVID-19 related reminders in Japan found that there was no significant difference in producing behavior change with reminders that emphasize self-identity. The study used a two-wave design and distributed participants (n=2,536) to non-self-identity messaging (“Don’t Spread), self-identity messaging (“Don’t be a spreader”), and control (no reminder). Yonemitsu et al….
Stay-at-Home Orders and Firearms in the United States during the COVID-19 Pandemic Preventive Medicine.
Among the forty-three states and the District of Columbia that issued stay-at-home orders during the COVID-19 pandemic, most considered federal firearm licensees to be essential businesses or made provisions for them to remain open in some capacity, while only four states and D.C. did not. The study found that there was an all-time high in…
October 12, 2020
Geographic Variation of Racial Disparities in Health and COVID-19 Mortality
The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was reported to be three-fold higher among Black individuals in the US compared to white individuals, and the crude mortality was two-fold higher. However, the infection-fatality-ratio was similar between Black and white individuals. There was a higher prevalence of comorbidities (63% vs 55%) and adverse socioeconomic factors (47% vs 31%)…
COVID-19 and Excess All-Cause Mortality in the US and 18 Comparison Countries
The cumulative COVID-19 mortality in the US through September 19, 2020 of 60.3 per 100,000 people is comparable to other high-mortality countries like Spain (65 per 100,000), the UK (62.6 per 100,000) and Italy (59.1 per 100,000). However, the COVID-19 mortality in the US has remained high in the past four months, while the other…
Excess Deaths From COVID-19 and Other Causes, March-July 2020
Deaths from all causes in the US increased by 20% above the number expected between March 1 and August 1, 2020. An estimated 150,541 of these excess deaths (67%) were attributed to COVID-19. The 10 states with the highest per capita level of excess deaths were New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Louisiana, Arizona, Mississippi, Maryland,…
October 9, 2020
Factors Influencing Risk for COVID-19 Exposure Among Young Adults Aged 18–23 Years — Winnebago County, Wisconsin, March–July 2020
Among young adults in one county in Wisconsin, perceived low severity of disease, perceived responsibility to others, peer pressure, and exposure to misinformation regarding masks were identified as drivers of behaviors that might impact risk of COVID-19 exposure. The authors suggest that behavior change messages that highlight both personal responsibility and responsibility to protect others…
October 8, 2020
Don’t Dumb It down: The Effects of Jargon in COVID-19 Crisis Communication
An online survey experiment among workers contacted through the Amazon MTurk platform (n=393) found that science communication using technical jargon was more difficult for participants to process in low urgency situations, but that jargon did not substantially reduce processing in high urgency situations like COVID-19. The authors suggest that high motivation to process information may…
Substantial Decline in Use of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Following Introduction of COVID-19 Physical Distancing Restrictions in Australia
Overall, 42% of 847 gay and bisexual men participating in an online cohort study of men in Australia reported discontinuing HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) due to COVID-19 restrictions, which coincided with a reduction in sexual activity. PrEP use in this cohort increased from 4.9% in 2015 to 47.2% in 2020. PrEP discontinuation was associated with…
October 7, 2020
Access and Enrollment in Safety Net Programs in the Wake of COVID-19: A National Cross-Sectional Survey
An online survey conducted in April found that 28% of US respondents (n=1,007) reported an employment reduction (job loss or reduced earnings). Participants who experienced COVID-19 employment reduction were significantly more likely to seek assistance from safety net programs than those who did not (46% vs. 12%) and more likely to have enrolled in unemployment…
Influences on Attitudes Regarding Potential COVID-19 Vaccination in the United States
In a survey of 316 respondents selected to reflect the US population, the majority (68%) were supportive of being vaccinated for COVID-19, but side effects of vaccination, questions about vaccine efficacy, and time spent in clinical testing remained concerns. Longer clinical testing of a hypothetical vaccine, increased efficacy, and having a vaccine that was developed…
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