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Topic: Public Health Policy and Practice
July 30, 2020
Notes from the Field: Rebound in Routine Childhood Vaccine Administration Following Decline During the COVID-19 Pandemic — New York City, March 1–June 27, 2020
Promotion of routine childhood vaccination to parents using methods including public service announcements and letters, guidance, and webinars for health care providers in New York City resulted in increased vaccine administration among persons aged <24 months starting the week of April 19–25, as the number of new COVID-19 cases declined, and vaccinations returned to a level comparable to 2019 beginning the week of May 17. The authors…
Assessing Racial and Ethnic Disparities Using a COVID-19 Outcomes Continuum for New York State
Using data from New York State, Holtgrave et al. found large excess burdens in COVID-19 fatality rates in Hispanic (3.5-fold higher) and Black populations (5.4-fold higher) compared to whites. The disparity in Hispanic people appears to be due to differences earlier on in infections, while disparities in Black people was driven by differences in both infection experience and in the unmet need for hospitalization. Holtgrave et al. (June 29, 2020). Assessing Racial and Ethnic Disparities Using a…
Excess Cases of Influenza and the Coronavirus Epidemic in Catalonia: A Time-Series Analysis of Primary-Care Electronic Medical Records Covering over 6 Million People
In a time-series study of influenza and COVID-19 cases in Spain, Coma Redon et al. found that COVID-19 cases may have already been present in the Catalan population when the first imported case was reported on February 25, 2020. The authors suggest that COVID-19 carriers may have been misclassified as influenza diagnoses in primary care, boosting community transmission before public health measures were taken. …
Notes from the Field: Public Health Efforts to Mitigate COVID-19 Transmission During the April 7, 2020, Election ― City of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, March 13–May 5, 2020
Wisconsin, the first state to hold an election with in-person voting after stay-at-home orders were issued, observed no clear increase in cases, hospitalizations, or deaths after the election. Various mitigation strategies, in line with the CDC guidance and additional measures, were implemented in Milwaukee to prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at in-person polling venues. These…
July 29, 2020
Magnitude Demographics and Dynamics of the Impact of the First Phase of the Covid-19 Pandemic on All-Cause Mortality in 17 Industrialised Countries
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Kontis et al. modeled the impacts of the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on all-cause mortality for 17 industrialized countries. From mid-February through the end of May 2020, an estimated 202,900 (95%CI 179,400-224,900) more people died in these 17 countries than were expected had the pandemic not occurred. After accounting for population size, England and Wales and Spain…
Comparison of Weighted and Unweighted Population Data to Assess Inequities in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Deaths by Race/Ethnicity Reported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Cowger et al. compared the percentage distribution of COVID-19 deaths in the US by race/ethnicity between the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics–weighted population and the unweighted US Census population and found that the weighting approach affects the relative mortality burden by race/ethnicity. In an analysis using the unweighted US Census data, Black individuals were the most overrepresented among COVID-19 deaths, accounting for an excess in absolute COVID-19 mortality of 10%, whereas white individuals were underrepresented (−8%). In contrast, an analysis with the…
July 28, 2020
Characteristics and Strength of Evidence of COVID-19 Studies Registered on ClinicalTrials.Gov
An assessment of COVID-19-related studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov found that only 29% would have the potential to result in the highest level of individual study evidence (Oxford Centre for Evidence [OCEBM] level 2). Pundi et al. report on COVID-19–related studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as of May 19, 2020, excluding withdrawn, suspended, terminated, or expanded-access studies (n=1,551 studies, 911 interventional). Primary outcome pertained to…
July 27, 2020
Willingness to Seek Diagnostic Testing for SARS-CoV-2 With Home, Drive-through, and Clinic-Based Specimen Collection Locations
Seigler et al. observed that participants surveyed using social media (n=1,435) were most willing to test for SARS-CoV-2 infection with a home saliva specimen (92%), followed by home swab (88%), drive-through swab (71%), and clinic-collected swab (60%). Additionally, 68% of participants indicated they would be more likely to get tested if there was a home testing option. Siegler et al. (June 30, 2020). Willingness to Seek Diagnostic Testing for SARS-CoV-2…
Risk for COVID-19 Infection and Death among Latinos in the United States: Examining Heterogeneity in Transmission Dynamics
Rodriguez-Diaz et al. compared counties with a greater proportion of Latino residents than the US average (n=443) and all other counties (n=2700) and found that COVID-19 cases were greater in Northeastern and Midwestern Latino counties (RR=1.42 and RR=1.70, respectively), while deaths were greater in Midwestern Latino counties (RR, 1.17, 95% CI 1.04-1.34). Factors such as greater monolingual Spanish speakers, employment rates, and less…
July 24, 2020
COVID-19 Mortality Rate in Nine High-Income Metropolitan Regions
Signorelli et al. analyze COVID-19 mortality rates and case fatality in 9 high-income metropolitan regions in Europe and the US with similar socio-demographic characteristics, daytime commuting populations, and business activities. While the crude mortality rate was highest for the Lombardy Region in Italy, after age-standardization New York State had the highest mortality rate. Signorelli et al. (July 2020). COVID-19 Mortality Rate in Nine High-Income Metropolitan Regions….
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