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Topic: Transmission
October 13, 2020
Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Vertical Transmission during Pregnancy. Nature Communications
Fenizia et al. report 3 cases of vertical transmission in a cohort of 31 mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection. They also found SARS-CoV-2 RNA in umbilical cord blood from one participant, two at-term placentas, one sample from vaginal mucosa, and one milk specimen. IgM and IgG SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were also found in one umbilical cord blood…
Outcomes of Neonates Born to Mothers With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection at a Large Medical Center in New York City
Among 101 neonates born to 100 mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection in New York City, only two newborns had positive test results for SARS-CoV-2, and none had clinical evidence of COVID-19. Seventy-six newborns shared hospital rooms with their mothers. Reasons for not sharing rooms included maternal or newborn need for ICU-level care. Ninety-one mothers breastfed. Newborns…
SARS-CoV-2 Cluster in Nursery, Poland. Emerging Infectious Diseases
A SARS-CoV-2 outbreak was identified in a nursery in Poland in late May. The index case was a nursery worker who reported family contact with a symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected person, resulting in a cluster of 29 cases and positivity among 27% of contacts (compared to national estimates of 1%). Twelve of those infected were children’s family…
enomic Evidence for Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2: A Case Study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases
A man in Nevada was found to be the first case of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in North America, testing positive first in April, then receiving two negative tests during follow-up in May, then testing positive again in June. Genomic analysis of the positive samples show significant genetic differences between viral strains collected during the two periods…
October 12, 2020
Air and Surface Contamination in Non-Health Care Settings among 641 Environmental Specimens of 39 COVID-19 Cases
A study of SARS-CoV-2 contamination of environmental surfaces and air found that SARS-CoV-2 may be present on environmental surfaces for several days, especially in bathrooms. 641 specimens were collected from homes, hotels, public areas, cars, and pets that were potentially in contact with 39 individuals positive for SARS-CoV-2 in China. All positive specimens, based on…
October 9, 2020
Transmission Dynamics by Age Group in COVID-19 Hotspot Counties — United States, April–September 2020
Among the 767 US hotspot counties identified by the CDC during June and July 2020, early increases in the percent positivity for SARS-CoV-2 among people under age 24 years were followed by several weeks of increasing percent positivity in those older than age 25. The authors note that these findings corroborate regional patterns in the…
Children and Adolescents With SARS-CoV-2 Infection
A study of 203 children infected with SARS-CoV-2 indicated that infection is typically asymptomatic or mild during childhood, and that most children have moderate or high viral loads regardless of age, symptoms, or severity of infection. Among children for whom the source of infection was identified, 74% were infected by a member of their household. In 67% of…
What Do We Know about SARS-CoV-2 Transmission? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Secondary Attack Rate and Associated Risk Factors
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the secondary attack rate (SAR) of SARS-Cov-2 in household and healthcare settings indicated that the SAR among symptomatic people was higher than that for asymptomatic people (RR=3.2). The SAR is the proportion of contacts of a SARS-CoV-2 case who subsequently became infected. Adults showed higher susceptibility to infection than…
October 6, 2020
Adolescent with COVID-19 as the Source of an Outbreak at a 3-Week Family Gathering — Four States, June–July 2020
An adolescent (13 years old) was the index case of an outbreak that occurred during a 3-week family gathering where 11 of 14 attendees developed COVID-19, despite the index case testing negative with a rapid antigen test prior to the gathering. Six other family members who maintained physical distancing by remaining outdoors did not develop…
October 5, 2020
Survival of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Virus on the Human Skin: Importance of Hand Hygiene in COVID-19
Survival time of SARS-CoV-2 on human skin was significantly longer than that of influenza A virus (9.0 hours vs. 1.8 hours). Exposure of both viruses to 80% ethanol while on the skin surface, in the context of droplets from a cough or sneeze, inactivated both viruses within 15 seconds of exposure, indicating appropriate hand hygiene…
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