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Topic: Transmission
October 2, 2020
Viral Genomes Reveal Patterns of the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in Washington State
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] The 614G viral variant of SARS-CoV-2 has been hypothesized to be more transmissible than other strains, but findings from Washington State indicate that the increasing dominance of 614G in the state is more likely due to mobility patterns and the effect of control measures rather than viral transmissibility factors. Sequencing of…
October 1, 2020
Epidemiology and Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19 in Two Indian States
SARS-CoV-2 contact investigations in two Indian states showed a younger age distribution of COVID-19 cases and deaths than has been previously reported in the United States, and these differences are not attributed to underlying age differences in the general population. Among 575,071 contacts exposed to 84,965 confirmed cases, the secondary attack rate ranged from 5%…
September 29, 2020
Recent Increase in COVID-19 Cases Reported Among Adults Aged 18–22 Years — United States, May 31–September 5, 2020
During August 2–September 5, 2020, weekly COVID-19 cases among young people ages 18–22 increased 55% nationally, with the largest regional increases in the Northeast (144%) and Midwest (123%). Increases in cases were not solely due to increased testing. The incidence in all other age groups declined during the same period. When examined by race and…
Multiple COVID-19 Clusters on a University Campus — North Carolina, August 2020
Within 2 weeks of opening the campus to students (Aug 3 – Aug 25), a North Carolina university experienced 670 COVID-19 cases. Preliminary investigations suggest student gatherings and congregate living settings, both on and off campus, likely contributed to the rapid spread of COVID-19 on campus. The authors state that measures to reduce transmission on…
September 28, 2020
Speech Can Produce Jet-like Transport Relevant to Asymptomatic Spreading of Virus
The act of speaking, particularly during a conversation, can create air currents that can transport exhaled breath in a directed pattern out to 2 meters (6 feet), and potentially further, during a 30 second conversation. Abkarian et al. (Sept 25, 2020). Speech Can Produce Jet-like Transport Relevant to Asymptomatic Spreading of Virus. Proceedings of the…
September 25, 2020
Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children and Adolescents Compared With Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis (32 studies with 41,640 children and adolescents and 268,945 adults) found that children and adolescents younger than 20 years had 44% lower odds of becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2 after potential exposure to an index case (secondary attack rate) compared to adults 20 years and older. Data were insufficient to conclude…
September 23, 2020
Humoral Response to SARS-CoV-2 by Healthy and Sick Dogs during COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] SARS-CoV-2 was not found in samples tested by RT-PCR from dogs presenting with pneumonia (n=40) nor among healthy dogs living in households with a COVID-19 case (n=20) in Spain (April to June 2020). Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were identified in 1 of 17 (6%) sick dogs that did not come from a COVID-19…
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Significantly Varies with Age: Preliminary Results from a Mass Population Screening
A cohort study including 509 people in Milan, Italy found an IgG seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 was 23% and was positively associated with increasing age. The authors note that the lower seroprevalence among children could be due to lower exposure to the infection among school age children because schools were among the first institutions to be…
Empirical Transmission Advantage of the D614G Mutant Strain of SARS-CoV-2
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] The SARS-CoV-2 lineage carrying the amino acid change D614G has become the dominant variant in the global COVID-19 pandemic. A study using epidemiological data and phylogenetic data (35,377 sequences) estimated that the G614 mutant of SARS-CoV-2 is 31% more transmissible than the D614 wildtype. Leung et al. (Sept 23, 2020). Empirical Transmission…
Occurrence and Transmission Potential of Asymptomatic and Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections: A Living Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A meta-analysis of 94 studies reported that 20% of people who become infected with SARS-CoV-2 remain asymptomatic throughout the infection. The meta-analytic estimate showed a non-significantly lower secondary attack rate in contacts of people with asymptomatic infection compared to those with symptomatic infection (RR=0.35, 95%CI 0.10-1.27). The authors conclude that a combination of prevention measures,…
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