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Topic: Transmission
July 21, 2020
Estimated Community Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies — Two Georgia Counties, April 28–May 3, 2020
A seroprevalence study conducted April 28–May 3 in two high-incidence counties in metropolitan Atlanta (n=394 households and 696 people) found an estimated seroprevalence of 3% overall, and 5% among non-Hispanic Black participants. Of those seropositive, 50% reported illness or symptoms consistent with COVID-19, of whom 28% sought care and 16% were tested, demonstrating that many infections would not have been identified through case-based…
High Community SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seroprevalence in a Ski Resort Community Blaine County Idaho US. Preliminary Results
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A representative seroprevalence survey of residents of Blaine County, Idaho, a resort community with a high incidence of COVID-19 in March and April, found that 23% of residents had antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Based on the number of reported cases, this suggests that more than 80% of SARS-CoV-2 infections were not reported. McLaughlin et al. (July 21, 2020). High…
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review of Pregnancy and the Possibility of Vertical Transmission
A systematic literature review of COVID-19 in pregnant women and neonates (n=21 studies corresponding to 90 pregnancies and 92 neonates) found that the most common symptoms among pregnant women were fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. Three women were admitted to the ICU and required mechanical ventilation, including one woman who died and another who was still receiving intensive care at the time of publication. The most commonly–reported complications were preterm labor (n=29), fetal distress (n=15), premature…
July 17, 2020
Risk Assessment of Airborne Transmission of COVID-19 by Asymptomatic Individuals under Different Practical Settings
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Shao et al. combined measured aerosol generation from 8 study participants with mathematical simulations to estimate risk of SARS-CoV-2 aerosol spread under scenarios including an elevator, lecture hall, and supermarket. Simulations indicated that SARS-CoV-2 aerosol transmission in an elevator under high ventilation would be very low with normal breathing, but would increase if the emitter is speaking. In a classroom in which the emitter is a lecturer speaking continuously, risk to students is lowest…
July 16, 2020
Comparison of the COVID-19 Infection Risks by Close Contact and Aerosol Transmission
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Simulation modeling based on fluid dynamics models and mouse experimental models was used to estimate that the median infection risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 via aerosol exposure for one hour was more than three orders of magnitude lower than the risk due to close contact (13% based on a meta-analysis). Zhang and Wang. (July 15, 2020). Comparison of the COVID-19 Infection Risks…
Mechanistic Transmission Modeling of COVID-19 on the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship Demonstrates the Importance of Aerosol Transmission
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Iterative simulation modeling indicated that aerosol inhalation was likely the dominant contributor to SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship outbreak. Azimi et al. (July 15, 2020). Mechanistic Transmission Modeling of COVID-19 on the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship Demonstrates the Importance of Aerosol Transmission. Pre-print downloaded July 16 from https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.13.20153049
July 15, 2020
Transplacental Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Vivanti et al. demonstrated a transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a neonate born to a mother infected in the third trimester and delivered at the Paris Saclay University Hospitals. RT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 was positive from multiple sites from the neonate, including blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, nasopharyngeal and rectal swabs, and placental samples. The neonate presented with neurological manifestations, similar to those described in adult patients. Vivanti et al. (Dec 14, 2020). Transplacental Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Nature…
July 14, 2020
Collateral Benefit of COVID-19 Control Measures on Influenza Activity, Taiwan
Nationwide surveillance in Taiwan indicates that measures intended to control COVID-19 may have also resulted in decreases in influenza diagnoses in outpatient departments, positivity rates in clinical specimens, and confirmed severe cases during the first 12 weeks of 2020 compared with the same period in 2019. Healthcare avoidance during the COVID-19 pandemic may be an important confounder. …
Clusters of 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID‐19) Cases in Chinese Tour Groups
A contact investigation of a COVID-19 outbreak involving 11 confirmed cases and 10 suspected cases among Chinese tour groups traveling in Europe in late January 2020 suggests that transmission may have occurred on outbound and inbound flights and in shopping venues in Europe. Initial transmission occurred in family groups and later transmission within and across tour groups. Kong et al. (July 13, 2020). Clusters of 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID‐19) Cases in…
Absence of Apparent Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from Two Stylists After Exposure at a Hair Salon with a Universal Face Covering Policy — Springfield, Missouri, May 2020
In a hair salon in Missouri, no symptomatic secondary cases were reported among 139 clients exposed to two hair stylists who were symptomatic with COVID-19 while both stylists and clients wore face masks. All tests were negative among 67 clients that were tested for SARS-CoV-2. All 4 cohabitants of one of the stylists later developed COVID-19 symptoms and had positive PCR test results. …
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