Result for
Topic: Transmission
June 11, 2020
Longitudinal Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 RNA Among Asymptomatic Staff in Five Colorado Skilled Nursing Facilities Epidemiologic Virologic and Sequence Analysis
[pre-print, not peer reviewed] Quicke et al. monitored the presence of viral RNA and infectious virus among workers at five skilled nursing facilities in Colorado. They reported that the percentage of nasopharyngeal swabs that tested positive for viral RNA varied considerably by facility, but there was a general downward trend over the course of the study period. Levels of viral RNA also tended to decline over the duration…
Rates of Maternal and Perinatal Mortality and Vertical Transmission in Pregnancies Complicated by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Co-V-2) Infection: A Systematic Review
Huntley et al. conducted a systematic review of 13 studies with a total sample size of 538 individuals to ascertain pregnancy complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Maternal ICU admission occurred in 3% of cases (8/263, 95%CI 1.6-5.9%) and maternal critical disease in 1.4% (3/209, 95%CI 0.5-4.1%). No maternal deaths were reported (0/348). The neonatal death rate was 0.3% (1/313, 95%CI…
A Study on Infectivity of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Carriers
Gao et al. reported a contact investigation involving an asymptomatic person with SARS-CoV-2 infection who presented to the emergency room of a hospital in Guangdong, China. They investigated 455 contacts, including 35 patients, 196 family members, and 224 hospital staff members. No SARS-CoV-2 infections were detected by nucleic acid test. They concluded that some asymptomatic people with SARS-CoV-2 may be weakly infectious. Gao et al. (May 13, 2020). A Study on Infectivity of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Carriers. Respiratory…
Clusters of Coronavirus Disease in Communities, Japan, January-April 2020
Furuse et al. analyzed 3,184 cases of COVID-19 in Japan during January 15–April 4, 2020 and identified 61 case-clusters in healthcare and other care facilities, restaurants and bars, workplaces, and music events. They also identified 22 probable primary case-patients from non-nosocomial clusters, 9 of whom (41%) were pre-symptomatic or asymptomatic at the time of transmission. Furuse et al. (June 10, 2020). Clusters of…
Population-Scale Longitudinal Mapping of COVID-19 Symptoms Behavior and Testing Identifies Contributors to Continued Disease Spread in the United States
[pre-print, not peer reviewed] Allen et al. developed a web and mobile application to collect self-reported data related to COVID-19. Data from over 500,000 users in the US indicate that adding information beyond symptoms—such as household and community exposure, occupation, and demographics—may improve predictive models of COVID-19 risk and better inform triage of individuals for molecular testing. Allen et al. (June 11, 2020). Population-Scale Longitudinal Mapping…
June 9, 2020
SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Serologic Responses from a Sample of U.S. Navy Service Members — USS Theodore Roosevelt, April 2020 Daniel
Among a convenience sample of 382 service members aboard the USS Theodore Roosevelt, 60% had reactive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, 59% of whom had neutralizing antibodies. In several participants, neutralizing antibodies were still detectable >40 days after symptom onset. Of those with previous or current SARS-CoV-2 infection, 20% were asymptomatic. Service members who reported taking preventive measures, such as wearing face coverings and observing social distancing, had lower risk of…
Persistent Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Patients and Healthcare Workers with COVID-19
An observational analysis of 150 patients and health care workers at a US academic medical center revealed that the average time to transition from testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR to testing negative was 24 days after symptom onset, and 10% of participants remained positive at 33 days after symptom onset. The authors suggest that the CDC guideline of excluding healthcare workers from the workforce…
Pandemic Planning in Homeless Shelters: A Pilot Study of a COVID-19 Testing and Support Program to Mitigate the Risk of COVID-19 Outbreaks in Congregate Settings
In a homeless shelter system in Hamilton, Canada, Bodkin et al. tested 104 residents and 141 staff for COVID-19 by RT-PCR and found 1% of residents and 5% of staff had prevalent SARS-CoV-2 infection. They found 1 case of secondary spread. The investigators suggest that shelter restructuring, isolating confirmed cases and those awaiting test results, and providing rapid test results may have helped to preventing an outbreak. Bodkin et al. (June 8, 2020). Pandemic Planning in Homeless Shelters: A Pilot…
June 8, 2020
Seroprevalence of Immunoglobulin M and G Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in China
Seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was 4% among healthcare workers and 3% among their families in the city of Wuhan, China between March 9 and April 10. In other cities in Hubei province, seropositivity was lower in cities that were further from Wuhan. While seropositivity was highest for IgG, some individuals were positive only for IgM, underscoring that testing for both antibody types may be necessary in seroprevalence studies. Xu et al. (June 5,…
June 5, 2020
Incarceration And Its Disseminations: COVID-19 Pandemic Lessons From Chicago’s Cook County Jail
Reinhart and Chen found that zip codes in Chicago with higher rates of arrest and released jail inmates had higher rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection, even after adjustment for race and poverty. The authors propose that arrest and pre-trial detention practices may contribute to SARS-CoV-2 spread. Reinhart and Chen. (June 4, 2020). Incarceration And Its Disseminations: COVID-19 Pandemic Lessons From Chicago’s Cook County Jail. Health Affairs. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00652
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