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Topic: Vaccines and Immunity
June 10, 2021
Associations of Vaccination and of Prior Infection With Positive PCR Test Results for SARS-CoV-2 in Airline Passengers Arriving in Qatar
Travelers fully vaccinated with a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (n=10,092) had an 87% lower likelihood of having a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test upon arrival at Hamad International Airport in Qatar between February and April 2021 compared to travelers with no record of vaccination or prior infection matched 1:1 by age, sex, nationality, and date of testing…
Immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Humans
Median anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers of sera from individuals vaccinated with the Johnson & Johnson-Janssen vaccine in the phase 1/2 trials (n=20) were 5- and 3-fold lower against the B.1.351 (Beta) and P.1 (Gamma) variants, respectively, compared with the wild-type strain on day 71 following vaccination. Binding antibody titers were impaired but to a lesser…
June 9, 2021
Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Lineage after Vaccination in Long-Term Care Facility, Germany, February-March 2021
A SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a long-term care facility in Germany resulted in a milder disease course, considerably shorter viral RNA shedding (7.5 vs 31 days), and lower peak viral load in vaccinated residents with breakthrough infection compared to unvaccinated residents. The outbreak involved a sequence-confirmed B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant and resulted in 16 breakthrough infections in…
Delayed Antibody and T-Cell Response to BNT162b2 Vaccination in the Elderly, Germany
In a cohort of elderly residents of an assisted living facility in Germany (n=71, median age 81 years) vaccinated with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine only 46% (24 of 52) developed neutralizing antibodies 3 weeks after the first dose and 90% (63 of 70) 4 weeks after the second dose. In contrast, 91% (97 of 107) of…
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Among Rural Healthcare Workers
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] In rural healthcare centers in South Dakota, a seroprevalence study revealed that prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in healthcare workers at each clinical site was higher than the reported cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in the general population of each respective county. The prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers employed at clinics in…
Functional Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Elicited Antibodies in Immunologically Nave and Pre-Immune Humans
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine elicited higher neutralizing and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody binding responses in individuals with prior infection (n=32) compared to those without prior infection (n=20). The second vaccine dose did not significantly increase neutralizing or binding antibody levels in individuals with prior infection, whereas the second dose was required to induce antibody responses…
June 8, 2021
Neutralization against B.1.351 and B.1.617.2 with Sera of COVID-19 Recovered Cases and Vaccinees of BBV152
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Sera from individuals fully vaccinated with the inactivated virus SARS-CoV-2 vaccine Covaxin (n=17) showed a 3-fold reduction in neutralizing activity against the B.1.351 (Beta) and B.1.617.2 (Delta) variants of concern compared with the parent D614G variant. Similarly, sera from individuals recovered from COVID-19 showed a 3-fold and 5-fold reduction in neutralizing activity…
Association between Previous Infection with SARS CoV-2 and the Risk of Self-Reported Symptoms after MRNA BNT162b2 Vaccination: Data from 3,078 Health Care Workers
An online questionnaire among healthcare workers vaccinated with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine in Italy (n=3,078) found that participants with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (n=396) had a 3-fold higher risk of moderate systemic symptoms (MSS) after the first dose, but had a 30% lower risk of symptoms after the second dose. MSS was defined as symptoms that either…
Decreases in COVID-19 Cases, Emergency Department Visits, Hospital Admissions, and Deaths Among Older Adults Following the Introduction of COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, September 6, 2020–May 1, 2021
The rate ratios for COVID-19 incidence, emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, and deaths comparing adults aged ≥65 years (≥70 years for hospitalizations) to adults aged 18-49 years during a 2-week period in April 2021 declined by 40%, 59%, and 65%, respectively compared to a pre-vaccination period in November to December 2020. The authors conclude that…
Assessment of Effectiveness of 1 Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 Infection 13 to 24 Days After Immunization
The risk of any SARS-CoV-2 infection was reduced by 51% between 13 to 24 days after the first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine when compared to a period of 1 to 12 days after vaccination, according to a comparative effectiveness study in Israel (n=503,875). The weighted daily incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection decreased from 43.4 infections…
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