Pacific Northwest Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit (CESU)

The Role of Biofilms and Lichens in the Preservation of Archaeological Features in the Bandelier Tuff, Bandelier National Monument

Project ID: P13AC01151

Federal Agency: National Park Service

Partner Institution: University of Vermont and State Agriculture College

Fiscal Year: 2013

Initial Funding: $15,000

Total Funding: $15,000

Project Type: Research

Project Disciplines: Interdisciplinary

National Park: Bandelier National Monument

Principal Investigator: Porter, Doug

Agreement Technical Representative: Stokely, Sarah

Abstract: The University of Vermont (UVM) will participate with staff from the National Park Service (NPS) in a collaborative program of research, documentation, and assessment of ancient dwellings (cavates) at Bandelier National Monument (BAND). UVM will explore the role of biogrowth in the formation of coatings and rinds that protect archaeological resources carved in the weakly consolidated tuff at BAND. Research will include selection of a study site, in situ testing of representative surfaces for absorption and erosion resistance, enzyme assays to characterize surface chemistry, and the use of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to examine surface and near-surface phenomena related to rind formation. UVM will assemble a specialized team to conduct the research and implement a pilot monitoring study at cavate B002. Staff from UVM and NPS will participate in all aspects of the work. NPS will assist with archival research, collaborate and participate in project development and execution, assist with logistical needs, participate in on-site project management and field work, and provide technical review and support. There are several public benefits of this project. This research focuses engineering and materials science on the landscape-level conservation of archaeological features, and may provide a new model for understanding the interaction of microflora with poorly consolidated rocks, harnessing the positive effects of biofilms in the protection of ancient sites and art. The final report will be publicly available.

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