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On-Line Resources
- Asian American Curriculum and Research Project
The Asian American Curriculum and Research Project, based at Western Washington University, provides
instructional and resource materials for teachers and students, grades 4-12, on the experiences of
immigrants from Asia and Asian Americans in the Pacific Northwest with a central focus on the
incarceration of people of Japanese ancestry (Nikkei) during World War II. Through the collaboration
of teachers, community members, scholars, museum educators, and archivists, and community organizations,
the project will create materials for dissemination to schools throughout the state and the Pacific Northwest region.
- Bellingham Herald
In 2007, to mark the 100th anniversary of the 1907 riots, the Bellingham Herald published a serious of articles
about the riot, as well as issued an apology for the paper's racist coverage of the event 100 years prior.
- Echoes of Freedom: South Asian Pioneers in California, 1899-1965
The story of early Indian immigrants to California told through photographs, documents, and publications,
drawn from the South/Southeast Asia Library's rich archive of material on South Asians in North America.
Based on the exhibit held in the Bernice Layne Brown Gallery, Doe Library, University of California, Berkeley,
July 16 to September 30, 2001.
- A Historical Perspective of Americans of Asian Indian Origin: 1790-1997
A brief history of South Asians in America by independent scholar Srirajasekhar Bobby Koritala.
- HistoryLink.org: White workingmen attack Bellingham's East Indian millworkers on September 4, 1907
A brief illustrated essay by Emily Lieb for HistoryLink.Org, the on-line encyclopedia of Washington State history.
- New, Thinking, Agile, and Patriotic: "Hindu" students at the University of Washington, 1908-1915
A special exhibit of the University of Washington libraries. In the early twentieth century, several hundred students
from India found their way to the U.S. and enrolled in American universities, primarily on the Pacific coast.
Between 1908 and 1915, approximately 25 Indian men came to Seattle to study at the University of Washington, one of a
dozen or so American institutions favored by student immigrants from Bengal and other Indian regions.
- Sikh Community: Over 100 Years in the Pacific Northwest
A special exhibit of Seattle's Wing Luke Asian Museum. "Our region’s own Sikh community traces its start
back over a century ago, back when the city was just growing from its logging town roots and McKinley
was president.Since that time, Sikhs have made and continue to make positive contributions
to the Pacific Northwest, in ways as varied as their presence in our area – from professionals leading
technology companies to youth influencing hip-hop culture with bhangra music."
Organizations
- Center for Pacific Northwest Studies
The Center for Pacific Northwest Studies seeks to enhance public and scholarly understanding of the
region’s past and present through expansion of its archival holdings, public programming, and publications.
The Center’s collections include private papers, organizational and institutional records documenting economic,
social, cultural and political trends significant to the Pacific Northwest.
- Community to Community Development
Community to Community Development is a women-led place based, grassroots organization working for a
just society and healthy communities. They are committed to systemic change and to creating strategic
alliances that strengthen local and global movements toward social, economic, and environmental justice.
- Harry Bridges Center for Labor Studies
The Harry Bridges Center for Labor Studies supports a network of scholars in cutting-edge research,
education, and outreach about work, workers and their organizations. The Center engages students in
labor studies through courses and field work. We promote connections between students, faculty, and
labor communities locally and around the world, and inform policy makers about issues confronting workers.
- No One Is Illegal – Vancouver
No One is Illegal-Vancouver is a grassroots anti-colonial immigrant and refugee rights collective with
leadership from members of migrant and/or racialized backgrounds. The No One is Illegal campaign has
two goals: to attain concrete victories for immigrants and refugees and to develop the communities'
own capacity to attain justice and dignity for themselves and their families.
- Whatcom Human Rights Task Force
The mission of the Whatcom Human Rights Task Force is to promote and protect the rights of the
human family. The WHRTF works to ensure an individual's right to be treated with dignity and to
live without fear of violence, intimidation, or discrimination based on group identification or
personal characteristics.
- Whatcom Museum of History & Art
The Whatcom Museum provides leadership in the fields of history and art in the Pacific Northwest.
Through preservation, collections, exhibitions, and educational programs, the Museum enhances the
quality of life for our community.
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Books
Banerjee, Kalyan Kumar. Indian Freedom Movement: Revolutionaries in America. Calcutta: Jijnasa, 1969.
Bhatia, Sunil. American Karma: Race, Culture, and Identity in the Indian Diaspora. New York: NYU Press, 2007.
Jensen, Joan M. Passage from India: Asian Indian Immigrants in North America. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988.
Takaki, Ronald. Strangers from a Different Shore: A History of Asian Americans. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1998.
Journal Articles
Allerfeldt, Kristofer. "Race and Restriction: Anti-Asian Immigration Pressures in the Pacific North-west of America during the Progressive Era, 1885–1924."History. Volume 88. Issue 289. 53-73.
Friday, Chris. "'No Backward Steps'? A Centennial Perspective on the History of Bellingham." The Journal of the Whatcom County Historical Society. April 2004. 25-41.
Hallberg, Gerald N. "Bellingham, Washington's Anti-Hindu Riot." In Northwest Mosaics, edited by Halseth. Boulder, Colorado: J.A. Pruett Pub., 1977. 140-155.
See also Journal of the West. Volume 12. Issue 1. January 1973. 163-175.
Lee, Erika. "Hemispheric Orientalism and the 1907 Pacific Coast Race Riots." Amerasia Journal. Volume 33. Number 2. 2007
Wunder, John R. "South Asians, Civil Rights, and the Pacific Northwest: The 1907 Bellingham Anti-Indian Riot and Subsequent Citizenship and Deportation Struggles." Western Legal History. 4, 1991. 60.
Masters Theses
Willson, Margaret. "An ethnohistorical study of the dominant community reaction to the Chinese and Japanese immigrant communities in Bellingham, Washington." MA Thesis in Anthropology. Western Washington University, 1982.
Wolf, Christopher Preston. "Casting the 'Hindu' in the crucible of nationhood: racial formation and the imagined nation in the early twentieth century." MA Thesis. University of Oregon, 2001.
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