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Straw Bale Gardens Complete

book jacketI was surprised to learn that there is a new way to grow vegetables. Inside straw bales. Yes, that is what I said, inside straw. This new book by Joel Karsten, Straw Bale Gardens Complete (Cool Springs Press, 2015), explains a method of growing and harvesting crops which is useful for increasing productivity while reducing labor. The chapters thoroughly cover planning your straw bale garden, and making straw bale greenhouses. There are extensive pages of garden layouts, including single, two, and three-bale gardens with tomato cages, trellises, and suggested plants. This approach to container gardening is using the straw bale itself, held together with two or three strings, with the outside crust of the bale serving as the container. The straw inside the bale will decompose, making it “conditioned” and ready to plant. The author gives step by step instructions for conditioning to create a warm, moist and nutrient rich rooting environment for seedlings. The author points out that straw bale gardens are ideal if you can’t do heavy lifting, can’t bend over, have poor soil, or limited space.

One thing to keep in mind is the difference between hay and straw, which often are confused. Straw comes from one of the cereal small-grain plants. Most common are oats, wheat, barley, rice, flax and rye. Hay is green, more coarse and wiry than straw. Hay can be baled alfalfa or any dozens of different grasses. Hay is fed to livestock as fodder. It contains all the seed heads inside the bale. But hay is not desirable for bale gardens. The book explains how to find and maintain the best straw for growing plants. If you are looking for a source for straw in the Seattle area, I’ve been able to supply my chickens with straw from The Grange in the University District. I also recommend using organic straw for vegetable gardening because you will want straw that has not been treated with herbicides or pesticides. Organic bales are usually sold at about the same prices as conventional ones.

The Seed Garden: The Art and Practice of Seed Saving

In the summer of 2015, I visited Seed Savers Exchange, a remarkable mecca for growers of heirloom vegetables, herbs, and flowers.  Located in rural Iowa, this organization has become world-renowned for its preservation of over 20,000 varieties of mostly food plants, not only providing safe storage for the seeds, but also maintaining the vitality of their collections by selective growing, germination testing, and researching the history of their sources.

While I would encourage all gardeners to visit Seed Savers, this may not be practical.  So instead, considering reading The Seed Garden: The Art and Practice of Seed Saving, published by the Exchange (and written by Micaela Colley and Jared Zystro) in which the basic philosophy and practices of the organization are distilled into very useful handbook for the home gardener.

Like many gardeners, I’ve done a bit of seed saving, and this book starts at that level – assuming a basic understanding of good gardening practices with a reminder that saved seeds are only useful from open-pollinated plants crossed with other plants from the same population.  Hybrids will not breed true.

I learned in the entry on lettuce – considered easy for beginners – that these plants are almost completely self-pollinating, and that different varieties only need 10 feet of separation to ensure purity.  Lettuce produces abundant seeds, but the quality is best on plants that are allowed to grow to maturity with minimal harvest, suggesting its best to designate a few stock plants for your breeding purposes.

There are also “Master Class” sections that cover more advanced subjects, including building isolation cages, avoiding inbreeding, and doing your own germination testing.  Most interesting is the process of extracting seeds from really messy plants, like tomatoes, but even with these, the reader is encouraged to try, using common kitchen tools.

The tone of the book throughout is positive and encouraging.  Even the usual negatives can be turned around.  “For many gardeners, the sight of bolting lettuce signals that its leaves have turned bitter and unpalatable, but these emerging flower talks also signal an impending harvest of ripened seeds.”  After reading this book I’m ready, with my patch of ‘Red Velvet’ lettuce, to become a serious seed saver.

 

Published in Garden Notes: Northwest Horticultural Society, Spring 2016

Patio Produce

bookAs a first time vegetable gardener, I was looking for a resource for planting and growing vegetables from a small space: my deck. This handy book, Patio Produce: How to Cultivate a Lot of Home-Grown Vegetables from the Smallest Possible Space by Paul Peacock really helped me start my garden. It simply showed me how to make the most out of my pots and how to plan for a reasonable crop yield. I especially enjoyed the chapters on how to grow vegetables on the patio. The author has an A-Z plant list and inside there are detailed step-by-step instructions on how to grow on the patio, including an “at a glance” table that contains helpful information on the plant’s pot size, sowing dates, care, and harvest information. The short but thorough snippets on specific plants, such as raspberries, strawberries, potatoes, and tomatoes helped me understand how to plant and take care of my crops.

The Timber Press Guide to Vegetable Gardening in the Pacific Northwest

Vegetable gardening book jacketIn “The Timber Press Guide to Vegetable Gardening in the Pacific Northwest,” Lorene Edwards Forkner gives a whole calendar of ideas of what to plant and what to harvest every month–what’s unusual is that the chapter on January, while having fewer pages, is still on equal footing with June, rather than be relegated to an off-season category.

Does year-round engagement with your garden sound daunting? Relax. Further reading encourages a steady but gentle approach–no more herculean “putting in the garden” effort in the spring–instead be strategic and realistic about how much garden you can handle and thankful for the bountiful resources of our region to provide what you leave out.

While this book is packed with information, it will work well for the novice, as Forkner is good with pointers for getting started. “If you are a beginning gardener, I recommend you learn to love your hose. Time spent at the end of it is the best education and the most accurate barometer of your garden’s needs.” I totally agree.

She also has some interesting ideas for the experienced gardener. She divides her veggies by flavor profiles, and then considers what fits into, for example, “sweet leaves” or “hearty greens.” Within each category there are plant options that which will give you a similar taste result, but some are easier to grow, or provide a harvest at different times of the year. This can simplify the planting list enormously.

Excerpted from the Summer 2013 Arboretum Bulletin.

Backyard Bounty

book jacketAmidst the bumper crop of new food-gardening titles, Backyard Bounty : The Complete Guide to Year-Round Organic Gardening in the Pacific Northwest by Salt Spring Island, B.C. resident Linda Gilkeson stands apart. I put three recent edible plant titles by Northwest authors to the test by trying to find answers to commonly asked questions in them. Whether you are a beginning gardener or an experienced (or jaded!) old hand, this book will neither insult your intelligence nor blind you in a blizzard of technicalities. If you want to know about soil in raised beds, what to grow over the winter, or how to protect your grapes from predacious raccoons, this is the place. Though it lacks photos of primped and prinked up fruit and veggie glamour, the information is well-organized and clearly presented. I learned enough from reading it that I may just have to own a copy.

The Maritime Northwest Garden Guide: Planting Calendar for Year-Round Organic Gardening

Maritime Northwest Garden Guide coverWondering what’s the best time of year to sow your cilantro seeds or plant onion sets? The Maritime Northwest Garden Guide: Planting Calendar for Year-Round Organic Gardening by Seattle Tilth (and multiple authors over the years)defines a complete time-line for sowing a wide range of edibles and flowers. Also included are a number of excellent articles on organic gardening techniques, like summer cover crops and recipes for preventing powdery mildew. Buy online.