Article Summary
November 17, 2020
Continued Age Shift of Confirmed Positive COVID-19 Incidence Over Time to Children and Young Adults Washington State March – August 2020
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] A longitudinal cohort analysis in Washington State found a shift in the age distribution of confirmed COVID-19 cases from older age groups to young adults and children. From March to April 2020, there was a 10% decline in cases age 60 years and older and a 20% increase among those age…
Implementation of a Pooled Surveillance Testing Program for Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections on a College Campus — Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, August 2–October 11, 2020
Duke University observed limited SARS-CoV-2 transmission during fall 2020, which is likely due to widespread adoption of risk-reduction behaviors, large-scale asymptomatic pooled testing for SARS-CoV-2, and contact tracing. Participation in asymptomatic testing was 95%, with 68,913 tests performed among 10,265 students, resulted in 84 positive cases detected. Most were identified through pool testing (35%) and…
November 16, 2020
Readability of Online COVID-19 Health Information: A Comparison between Four English Speaking Countries
A study evaluating the readability of online information from Google search results related to COVID-19 found that only 17.2% of webpages were presented at a universally-readable level. The first 20 webpage URLs for searches for “COVID”, “COVID-19”, and “coronavirus” from multiple predominantly English-speaking countries were evaluated on several readability assessment tools. There was a significant…
Outcomes for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
The outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) were worse during the first weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US than one year prior. Rates of return of spontaneous circulation were 18% lower overall than before the pandemic (aRR = 0.82), including in communities with low COVID-19 mortality. Rates of survival to discharge were also…
Epidemiological Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Mathematical Modeling Analyses
A modeling study that tested scenarios with varying levels of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy found that a vaccine with prophylactic efficacy of ≥70% could eliminate infection and prevent major outbreaks in scenarios where 80% of the population receives the vaccine. A vaccine with a lower efficacy could still control infection in a scenario with additional reduction…
Changes in Pediatric Emergency Department Visits for Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
In a cross-sectional study conducted at a children’s hospital in Connecticut, there was a 60.8% reduction in children presenting to emergency departments with mental health-related diagnoses during the early COVID-19 pandemic period compared to 2019. Black children were significantly less likely to present with a mental health condition than white children during the pandemic as…
Job Insecurity and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Among U.S. Young Adults During COVID-19
Job insecurity was associated with significant mental health burden among US young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. An analysis of data from the weekly Household Pulse Survey from the US Census Bureau collected in June 2020 indicated that 59% of respondents (n=4,852) aged 18 to 26 experienced direct or household employment loss since the start…
Sex Differences in the Decline of Neutralizing Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A longitudinal study of sera from 308 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive individuals found that males exhibited a faster decline in anti-S and neutralizing antibodies than females, suggesting that the duration of protection may differ by sex. Higher levels of antibodies were observed one month after symptom onset among males, people over age 50,…
Moderna’s COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate Meets its Primary Efficacy Endpoint in the First Interim Analysis of the Phase 3 COVE Study
[Press release, not peer-reviewed] The COVID-19 vaccine candidate (mRNA-1273) from Moderna demonstrated 94.5% efficacy in Phase 3 of the COVE study, which is evaluating the effect of the vaccine on disease prevention and severity. Interim results were based on 95 COVID-19 cases, 90 of which were reported in the placebo group and 5 in the…
Intrauterine Transmission of SARS-CoV-2
A case of fetal death associated with intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was documented in Brazil. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in cotyledon samples, membranes, and umbilical cord blood aspirate, suggesting possible breakdown of the placental barrier. However, all fetal tissue samples tested negative. Examination and autopsy found placental lesions and vascular malperfusions, microglial hyperplasia, and lymphocytic…
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