Article Summary
October 6, 2020
Lopinavir–Ritonavir in Patients Admitted to Hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): A Randomised, Controlled, Open-Label, Platform Trial
A randomized open-label trial (RECOVERY trial) found that among patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir was not associated with reduction in 28-day all-cause mortality (RR=1.03, 95%CI: 0.91-1.17), duration of hospital stay (RR=0.98, 95%CI: 0.91-1.05), or progression to mechanical ventilation or death (RR=1.09, 95%CI: 0.99-1.20). 23% of patients receiving lopinavir-ritonavir died within 28…
Comprehensive Genome Analysis of 6,000 USA SARS-CoV-2 Isolates Reveals Haplotype Signatures and Localized Transmission Patterns by State and by Country
Geographic Spread Genomic analysis of 6,359 SARS-CoV-2 isolates from the US identified a pattern of strongly localized outbreaks, which may point to the effectiveness of travel restriction policies and other public health measures. The authors identified prominent trends of localized haplotype patterns, which are the collection of variants in a viral genome, particular to Washington…
Adolescent with COVID-19 as the Source of an Outbreak at a 3-Week Family Gathering — Four States, June–July 2020
An adolescent (13 years old) was the index case of an outbreak that occurred during a 3-week family gathering where 11 of 14 attendees developed COVID-19, despite the index case testing negative with a rapid antigen test prior to the gathering. Six other family members who maintained physical distancing by remaining outdoors did not develop…
Testing Mobile Air Purifiers in a School Classroom Reducing the Airborne Transmission Risk for SARS-CoV-2
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Four mobile air purifiers with HEPA filters in a regular high school classroom were able to reduce the concentration of aerosols by more than 90% within less than 30 minutes compared to a neighboring classroom without purifiers. The authors further estimate that the inhaled dose via airborne transmission from staying in…
Trends in COVID-19 Incidence After Implementation of Mitigation Measures — Arizona, January 22–August 7, 2020
COVID-19 incidence decreased following implementation of mitigation measures in Arizona. Prior to these measures, the average number of daily cases increased approximately 151% from June 1 to June 15, after which local officials enacted mitigation measures that included mask wearing (June 17), closures of bars, gyms, movie theaters, and water parks (June 29), and limiting…
October 5, 2020
A Framework for Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus
An ad hoc committee of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine developed an overarching framework to assist policymakers in the domestic and global health communities to plan for equitable allocation of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. The framework includes four allocation phases of COVID-19 vaccine to the public based on risk-based criteria. Phase 1 includes…
The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Uptake of Influenza Vaccine A UK-Wide Observational Study
[Preprint, not peer-reviewed] An online survey in the UK among people eligible for the National Health Service free vaccination program reported that COVID-19 has increased acceptance of flu vaccination in the 2020-21 season. Among those who previously had not routinely received influenza vaccination, 57% reported that they intended to get the influenza vaccine in the…
Community Venue Exposure Risk Estimator for the COVID-19 Pandemic
Sun et al. developed a probability model to estimate the county-level community exposure risk during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US. The model had three inputs: the real-time number of active and asymptomatic cases, the population in local communities, and the customer counts in public places. They reported that between April 1 and July 15,…
Psychological Distress during the COVID-19 Lockdown: The Young Adults Most at Risk
Young adults were more sensitive to lockdown conditions and psychological distress compared to older adults in a multinational study. An online survey conducted from April 17 to May 1, 2020 among 2,871 participants in Belgium, France and Canada found that during confinement, young participants aged 18–30 years reported having less living space and lower occupational…
The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Sleep Disturbances in COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis
A meta-analysis with 31 studies calculated the pooled prevalence of depression (45%), anxiety (47%) and sleeping disturbances (34%) among patients with COVID-19 (n=5,153). The prevalence estimates did not differ by gender. The depression and anxiety prevalence estimates varied between different screening tools. Deng et al. (Oct 2, 2020). The Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Sleep…
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