Article Summary
September 10, 2020
Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes in a Multicenter Registry of Patients with HIV and Coronavirus Disease-19
• Dandachi et al. found that the severe clinical outcomes of ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and death occurred commonly in patients with both HIV and COVID-19 (n=286) enrolled from inpatient and outpatient health facilities in the US and three international sites. The risk for poor outcomes was higher in older patients, those with comorbidities (chronic lung…
Incidence of Nosocomial COVID-19 in Patients Hospitalized at a Large US Academic Medical Center
• Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within the hospital (nosocomial infection) was rare during the height of the pandemic in a cohort study of patients (n=9149) hospitalized over a 12-week period at a large academic medical center with rigorous infection control measures. Only 2% (12/697) of hospitalized COVID-19 patients first tested positive on hospital day 3 or later….
High Seroprevalence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Chelsea, Massachusetts
• Among asymptomatic residents of Chelsea, Massachusetts without a prior positive PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 (n=200), the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 32% (18% IgM+IgG+, 9% IgM+IgG-, and 5% IgM-IgG+), representing a substantial burden of undocumented infection. Additionally, 51% of participants reported no symptoms in the preceding 4 weeks, of whom 25% (25/101) were seropositive, and…
Community and Close Contact Exposures Associated with COVID-19 Among Symptomatic Adults ≥18 Years in 11 Outpatient Health Care Facilities — United States, July 2020
• Adults with a positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test were approximately twice as likely to have reported dining at a restaurant than were those with a negative test in an investigation among outpatients seen at 11 US health care facilities. Close contact with persons with known COVID-19 was also associated with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Fisher et…
Environmental and Aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 Among Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
Among more than 400 samples from 20 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, their hospital rooms(fomites and aerosols), and their close ontacts, Binder et al. found low molecular prevalence andlack of viable SARS-CoV-2 virus on fomites and in air samples. The authors conclude that this implieslow nosocomial risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through inanimate objects or aerosols. Among…
Early Evidence of Effectiveness of Digital Contact Tracing for SARS-CoV-2 in Switzerland
• [Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Preliminary data from SwissCovid, the first Exposure Notification-based contact tracing app launched on June 25, shows that voluntary digital contact tracing has asimilar effectiveness for identifying infected partners of COVID-19 index cases as classic contacttracing, provided that both the index case and the exposed contacts use the app. The authorsconclude that…
September 9, 2020
The Disproportionate Impact of COVID-19 on Older Latino Mortality: The Rapidly Diminishing Latino Paradox
• Between February 1 to August 22, 2020, COVID-19 mortality data from CDC showed that across all elder age groups (55-64, 65-74, 75-84, 85+), Latino adults had lower age-specific death rates for non-COVID-19 causes of death (RR 0.78 to 0.81) and higher age-specific death rates for COVID-19 deaths compared to non-Latino White adults (RR 1.6…
Allocation of COVID-19 Relief Funding to Disproportionately Black Counties
US counties with the highest fraction of Black residents received $126 more COVID-19 relief funding per resident ($506 vs. $380, p<0.001) than other counties. However, for a given level of relief funding, disproportionately Black counties had significantly higher COVID-19 burden and worse hospital finances. • The authors conclude that the method used to allocate relief…
Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Response to COVID-19 and Their Associations with Mental Health in 3052 US Adults
• Adults in the US (n=3,052) survey in April 2020 and who were physically active prior to CsOVID-19 reported reductions in physical activity (mean decrease 32%) and increases in sitting and screen time (20%-40%) associated with COVID-19 public health restrictions. Activity levels were unchanged among previously inactive participants. No longer meeting physical activity guidelines and…
Ratios of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Predict All-Cause Mortality in Inpatients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Retrospective Cohort Study in A Single Medical Center
• A study among 131 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China (median age 64, IQR 56-71) found that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at admission was higher (13.9 vs. 2.0) among non-survivors (n=12) when compared to survivors (n=111). The using a NLR of 3.39 or higher was had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity…
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