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August 27, 2020
Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic From the Perspective of Pediatric Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: A Web-Based Survey
Based on a web-based survey of 204 pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes, a majority of children and adolescents living with type 1 diabetes were able to comply with the landmarks of the management of diabetes (i.e., healthy and balanced diet, regular physical activity and careful glucose monitoring) during quarantine. Younger children (age ≤12 years)…
COVID-19 Impacts Mental Health Outcomes and Ability/Desire to Participate in Research Among Current Research Participants. Obesity
A survey of adults enrolled in health-related research (n=250; >50% enrolled in a behavioral weight loss intervention) found that participants with moderate anxiety/depression and severe distress related to COVID-19 were more likely to report decreased desire to participate in research. Among 147 participants (59%) engaged in behavioral interventions, those who perceived COVID-19 as a moderate/severe…
Notes from the Field: Universal Statewide Laboratory Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in Nursing Homes — West Virginia
During March 17–April 16, 2020, 307 COVID-19 cases were reported among residents and staff members in 7 nursing homes in West Virginia, 4 of which had outbreaks involving 20–40 residents. In response, the governor ordered universal testing among all 123 nursing homes in the state (April 21–May 8), which resulted in the identification of 42…
Clinical Features of Neonates Born to Mothers with Coronavirus Disease-2019: A Systematic Review of 105 Neonates
A systematic review of 14 studies involving 105 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 found that most had favorable outcomes. Overall, 25 infants (24%) were delivered preterm, 10 (11%) were small for gestational age (SGA), and 28 (27%) had COVID-19 symptoms. Among 91 neonates who were tested for SARS-CoV-2, 8 (9%) were positive. COVID-19 symptoms…
Ocular Manifestations and Clinical Characteristics of Children With Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
Ocular manifestations were observed in 49 of 216 (23%) pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Wuhan, China (median age 7, IQR 3-12), of whom 9 had ocular complaints as the initial manifestations of COVID-19. These included conjunctival discharge (55%), eye rubbing (39%), and conjunctival congestion (10%). Ocular symptoms were more common in children with systemic…
Rapid, Point-of-Care Antigen and Molecular-Based Tests for Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
A Cochrane review of rapid tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection (18 cohorts,3,198 samples) evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of five point-of-care antigen tests and four rapid molecular assays. They report the average sensitivity of antigen tests was 56% (95%CI 30-80%) and specificity was 99% (98-100%) based on five studies with 943 samples. The average sensitivity of rapid…
Effectiveness of Surgical, KF94, and N95 Respirator Masks in Blocking SARS-CoV-2: A Controlled Comparison in 7 Patients
Kim et al. detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA by PCR on petri dishes placed in front of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in 3/7 patients who coughed while wearing a surgical mask, but in 0/7 petri dishes from similar experiments with the same patients wearing N95 masks and similar KF94 masks. Additionally, researchers detected viral RNA in swabs…
August 26, 2020
Socio-Demographic Heterogeneity in the Prevalence of COVID-19 during Lockdown Is Associated with Ethnicity and Household Size: Results from an Observational Cohort Study
A UK-based retrospective cohort study including people tested for SARS-CoV-2 at university hospitals (n=4051) found that individuals from ethnic minority communities and larger households had an increased likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity. After adjustment, compared to people with white ethnicity, people with South Asian (aOR=2.4, 95%CI 2.0-3.0), Black (aOR=2.6, 95%CI 1.7-3.8), and other (aOR=2.5, 95%CI…
SARS-CoV-2 Phylodynamics Differentiates the Effectiveness of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] By combining phylogenetic data of 5,198 SARS-CoV-2 genomes with the timing of non-pharmaceutical interventions in 57 countries, Rasigade et al. found that home containment and education lockdown had the largest independent impacts on preventing transmission and were predicted to reduce the reproduction number by 35% and 26%, respectively. However, in contexts with…
Antibody Responses and Clinical Outcomes in Adults Hospitalized with Severe COVID-19: A Post Hoc Analysis of LOTUS China Trial
Patients with severe COVID-19 (n=191) enrolled in the LOTUS China trial testing lopinavir for suppression of SARS-CoV-2 nearly all (>90%) developed IgM and IgG antibodies against nucleocapsid (N), spike protein (S), and the receptor-binding domain (RBD), and also produced neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), but these did not correlate clearly with clinical outcomes. The levels of IgG…
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