Article Summary
May 22, 2020
Characterization of Patients Who Return to Hospital Following Discharge from Hospitalization For COVID-19
[pre-print, not peer reviewed] A retrospective cohort of 2,864 COVID-19 patients discharged from five New York City hospitals found 103 (3.6%) returned for emergency care after a median of 4.5 days, with 56 requiring re–admission. In 50% of cases the reason for return was respiratory distress. Patients who returned had a higher burden of COPD and hypertension, had a shorter…
Development and Implementation of a Clinician-Facing Prognostic Communication Tool for Patients with COVID-19 and Critical Illness
Survival data and descriptions of best- and worst-case clinical scenarios were used to create an online COVID-19 Prognostication Tool. The visual infographic tool includes prompts for clinician reflection to enhance awareness of cognitive biases that may affect their prognostic accuracy. Gibbon et al. (May 2020). Development and Implementation of a Clinician-Facing Prognostic Communication Tool for Patients with COVID-19 and Critical Illness. Journal of…
Immunogenic Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Spike in Individuals Recovered from COVID-19
[pre-print, not peer reviewed] Juno et al. found that following mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection, antibody responses against the viral spike protein are routinely elicited and that they are correlate with the ability of blood plasma to block binding to the ACE2 receptor. This has positive implications for vaccine development because several COVID-19 vaccine candidates that are now entering clinical trials…
Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine with or without a Macrolide for Treatment of COVID-19: A Multinational Registry Analysis
A multinational registry analysis of the use of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine, with or without a macrolide (e.g., azithromycin), included 671 hospitals and 96,032 hospitalized patients across 6 continents. Patients for whom treatment was not initiated within 48 hours or prior to ventilation were excluded, as were those who received remdesivir. After controlling for confounders, including risk factors for…
May 21, 2020
How Large Was the Mortality Increase Directly and Indirectly Caused by the COVID-19 Epidemic? An Analysis on All-Causes Mortality Data in Italy
Magnani et al. estimated an excess of 45,033 deaths in Italy, compared to 21,046 reported deaths associated with COVID-19. Relative to the expected number of deaths during the study period, the estimated excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic was 11% for people under the age of 60, and 55% for people age 60 and older. Magnani et al. (May 15, 2020)….
COVID-19: Media Coverage and Financial Markets Behavior—A Sectoral Inquiry
Haroon and Rizvi found that panic about the coronavirus pandemic generated by news outlets was associated with increasing volatility in the equity markets. Specifically, panic-laden news was associated with greater market volatility in sectors perceived to be most affected by outbreak. Haroon and Rizvi. (May 15, 2020). COVID-19: Media Coverage and Financial Markets Behavior—A Sectoral Inquiry. Journal of Behavioral and…
SARS-CoV-2 Infection Protects against Rechallenge in Rhesus Macaques
Chandrashekar et al. found that SARS-CoV-2 infection induced protective immunity against re-infection in nonhuman primates. Chandrashekar et al. (May 20, 2020). SARS-CoV-2 Infection Protects against Rechallenge in Rhesus Macaques. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc4776
Individual Quarantine versus Active Monitoring of Contacts for the Mitigation of COVID-19: A Modelling Study
Peak et al. modeled the relative efficacy of individual quarantine and active monitoring of contacts to control SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Modeling simulations suggest that individual quarantine could contain an outbreak of COVID-19 in 4.8 days in 84% of simulations, but only in settings with high intervention performance (e.g., 75% of infected contacts are individually quarantined). The…
Modeling the Effects of Intervention Strategies on COVID-19 Transmission Dynamics
Compared to continuous and intermittent social distancing, Kennedy et al. found that a “stepping-down” strategy was the best long-term strategy to minimize the peak number of active COVID-19 cases and associated deaths. The stepping down strategy modeled cycles of restriction and loosening of social distancing behaviors. A stepping-down strategy also reduced the total required social distancing time by 6.5% compared…
Depression and Loneliness during COVID-19 Restrictions in the United States and Their Associations with Frequency of Social and Sexual Connections
[pre-print, not peer reviewed] In a nationally representative cross-sectional online survey of US adults (N=1,010). One-third of participants reported depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were more commonly reported by women, those who were unmarried, had low-income, and were age 20-29. Frequent in-person social connections (e.g. hugging family members) and sexual connections (e.g. partnered sexual activity, dating app use) were associated with lower depression and loneliness. Frequent remote connections…
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