Result for
Tag: risk factors
December 17, 2020
Factors That Might Affect SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Among Foreign-Born and U.S.-Born Poultry Facility Workers — Maryland, May 2020
Interviews conducted in May on a convenience sample of poultry workers in two facilities in Maryland (n=359) found that foreign-born workers had a higher odds of working on the production floor, having shared commutes, and living with other poultry workers compared to US-born workers. Foreign-born workers had lower odds of participating in social gatherings (e.g….
Natural History of COVID-19: Risk Factors for Hospitalizations and Deaths among 26 Million U.S. Medicare Beneficiaries
An analysis of over 26 million US Medicare beneficiaries found the COVID-19 death rate among beneficiaries in nursing homes was much higher than among beneficiaries in the general Medicare population (275.7 vs 5 per 10,000). Clinical predictors of death in the study population included immunocompromised status, frailty index conditions, and comorbidities. Demographic predictors of death…
Covid-19 and Blood Groups: ABO Antibody Levels May Also Matter
Results from an in vitro study suggest that SARS-CoV-2 that has replicated in cells expressing blood group A and B antigens could be tagged with these antigens. A subsequent observational study (n=290 COVID-19 patients, n=276 asymptomatic controls) found that ABO antibody levels, which are antibodies that correspond to blood type, were significantly lower in COVID-19…
December 15, 2020
Community Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in England from April to November, 2020: Results from the ONS Coronavirus Infection Survey
A nationwide serial sampling study in England (n=1.1 million samples from 280,000 individuals) shows that the first wave (April to June) and the first part of the second wave (August to November) were characterized by different risk factors. Having a patient-facing role was a significant factor in the first wave but not in the second,…
December 11, 2020
Risk Factors Associated With In-Hospital Mortality in a US National Sample of Patients With COVID-19
A large cohort study (n=64,781) of patients with COVID-19 treated in 592 US hospitals during April and May 2020 found that the in-hospital mortality rate was 20.3%. Use of statin medications, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers were associated with decreased odds of mortality. The combination use of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin was associated with…
Analyses of Risk, Racial Disparity, and Outcomes Among US Patients With Cancer and COVID-19 Infection
A case-control analysis of electronic medical records from 73.4 million unique patients found that patients with a recent diagnosis of cancer were at significantly increased risk for COVID-19 infection and its adverse outcomes, especially among African Americans. Wang et al. (Dec 10, 2020). Analyses of Risk, Racial Disparity, and Outcomes Among US Patients With Cancer…
December 8, 2020
Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Middle-Aged Patients without Comorbidities: A Multicentre Retrospective Study
A multicenter retrospective study focusing on middle-aged (40-59 years) patients (n=119) without comorbidities who were hospitalized with COVID-19 found that 18 of 119 (15%) required mechanical ventilation and 5 of 119 (4%) died. The most common complications were acute respiratory distress syndrome (22%), acute liver injury (13%), and septic shock (4%). Wang et al. (Dec…
November 30, 2020
Are Psychiatric Disorders Risk Factors for COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severity: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Univariable and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] An analysis of potential bidirectional relationships between neuropsychiatric disorders and COVID-19 showed that genetic liability to bipolar disorder slightly increased COVID-19 susceptibility and severity, and there was no consistent evidence of COVID-19 influencing risk of developing psychiatric disorders. A combination of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia was associated with greater risk of contracting…
November 25, 2020
Retrospective Cohort Study of Admission Timing and Mortality Following COVID-19 Infection in England
A retrospective cohort study of 6,068 COVID-19 patients in England found that each additional day between symptom onset and hospital admission was associated with a 1% increase in the risk of mortality. Healthcare workers, obese people, and Black, Asian, and other ethnic minorities were more likely to experience later hospital admission, which the authors suggest…
November 19, 2020
SARS-CoV-2 Epidemic after Social and Economic Reopening in Three US States Reveals Shifts in Age Structure and Clinical Characteristics
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Analysis of epidemic characteristics during and after lockdowns from Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania – states that successfully reopened in May 2020 without subsequent summer waves – showed changes in age-dependent mixing patterns. Using several daily data streams and mobility data, population-average mixing rates dropped by >50% during lockdown. However, elderly…
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