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Tag: risk factors
October 26, 2020
Correlates of Death among SARS-CoV-2 Positive Veterans: The Contribution of Lifetime Tobacco Use
Veterans with COVID-19 who reported using tobacco at the time of their illness or at any time prior had a higher risk of mortality, even after controlling for other health and social factors. Other factors positively related to the relative risk of death were older age, male sex, immunodeficiency, and endocrine and pulmonary diseases. Results…
October 20, 2020
Risk for In-Hospital Complications Associated with COVID-19 and Influenza — Veterans Health Administration, United States, October 1, 2018–May 31, 2020
Patients hospitalized for COVID-19 had an in-hospital mortality rate more than 5-fold higher than influenza patients (21% vs 4%), according to retrospective data from a Veterans Health Administration cohort. After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity and underlying comorbidities, COVID-19 patients had 19-fold higher risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome. Risks for exacerbations of asthma…
Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A meta-analysis of 7 case-control studies show 2.2-fold higher risk of COVID-19 infection among those with autoimmune diseases. Among the 2,766 patients in studies reporting clinical outcomes, use of glucocorticoids and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs were associated with increased risk of hospitalization and mortality. Akiyama et al. (Oct 13, 2020). Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes…
October 9, 2020
Factors Influencing Risk for COVID-19 Exposure Among Young Adults Aged 18–23 Years — Winnebago County, Wisconsin, March–July 2020
Among young adults in one county in Wisconsin, perceived low severity of disease, perceived responsibility to others, peer pressure, and exposure to misinformation regarding masks were identified as drivers of behaviors that might impact risk of COVID-19 exposure. The authors suggest that behavior change messages that highlight both personal responsibility and responsibility to protect others…
October 8, 2020
Increased Risk of COVID ‐19 Infection and Mortality in People with Mental Disorders: Analysis from Electronic Health Records in the United States
An analysis of a nation-wide electronic health record database in the US with patient data up to July 2020 shows that patients with a recent diagnosis of a mental health disorder had a significantly higher risk of being diagnosed with COVID-19. The effect was strongest among those diagnosed with depression and schizophrenia. Among those diagnosed…
October 6, 2020
Association of Smoking Status with Outcomes in Hospitalised Patients with COVID-19
Analysis of a large retrospective study (n=1,137) found that among adults hospitalized with COVID-19, smokers were more likely to develop critical illness that required mechanical ventilation (47% vs 37%, p=0.005). In univariate analysis, current smokers had a 1.6-fold higher risk of death compared with never smokers (95% CI: 1.2-2.1). In adjusting for confounders, female sex,…
September 30, 2020
Risk Factors, Presentation, and Course of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Large, Academic Long-Term Care Facility
Nearly half (46%) of the 146 out of 389 residents of a long-term care facility who were diagnosed with COVID-19 were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of universal testing rather than symptom-based testing to control outbreaks. Anorexia and delirium where the most common symptoms during the course of illness. Male sex…
September 28, 2020
Age-Specific COVID-19 Case-Fatality Rate: No Evidence of Changes over Time
Using national-level surveillance data from April to August in Italy, Signorelli and Odone reported the case fatality of COVID-19 varied significantly by age (ranging from 0.1-2.8% in people <60 years up to 29-35% in people ³80 years). However, the age-specific rates were similar over time, as estimated at 2, 4 and 6 months since the onset of…
September 25, 2020
Early predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 in a large American cohort
Clinical variables present on admission that were associated with in-hospital death among COVID-19 patients were older age, low oxygen saturation and elevated respiratory rate in a multicenter study. Laboratory measurements associated with in-hospital mortality included markers of renal and hepatic dysfunction and elevated procalcitonin and lactic acid. Bahl et al. (Sept 25, 2020). Early predictors…
September 24, 2020
Outcomes of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Patients with or without a History of Cancer: A Multi-Centre North London Experience
Cancer diagnosis did not increase risk of death (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.4-2.5) or severe outcomes (OR: 0.9, 95% CI: 0.7-24.0) among a matched cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (n=120). Cancer patients who had received systemic treatment within 28 days prior to hospital admission appeared to have a nonsignificantly increased risk of death (OR:…
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