Result for
Tag: transmission
November 5, 2020
Telework Before Illness Onset Among Symptomatic Adults Aged ≥18 Years With and Without COVID-19 in 11 Outpatient Health Care Facilities — United States, July 2020
Symptomatic US adults with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests were 1.8 times more likely to report going exclusively to an office or school setting (versus telework) in the 2 weeks prior to symptom onset compared to those with negative test results (n=248). While case-patients were less likely to telework on a full- or part-time basis, the…
November 3, 2020
Association between Living with Children and Outcomes from COVID-19 an OpenSAFELY Cohort Study of 12 Million Adults in England
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A population-based cohort study in England found that living with children was not associated with adverse COVID-19 related outcomes. Additionally, no consistent changes in risk were observed following school closure. Among 9 million adults ≤65 years old, living with children age 0-11 years was not associated with increased risk of recorded SARS-CoV-2…
SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence and Transmission Risk Factors among High-Risk Close Contacts: A Retrospective Cohort Study
A retrospective cohort study of all close contacts of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Singapore (n=7,770) found the attack rate among household contacts (5.9%) was higher compared to work contacts and social contacts (both 1.3%). Among contacts, close physical proximity (sharing a bedroom for household contacts and sharing a vehicle for work and social contacts) and…
November 2, 2020
Longitudinal Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on High-Touch Surfaces in a Community Setting
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A longitudinal study that sampled high-touch non-porous surfaces in Massachusetts during an outbreak of COVID-19 from April to June found the estimated risk of infection from touching a contaminated surface was less than 5 in 10,000, suggesting fomites play a minimal role in community spread. Overall, 29 (8.3%) of 348 surface swab…
Modeling the Load of SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Human Expelled Particles during Coughing and Speaking
A study using differential equations to describe the evolution of respiratory droplets, using SARS-CoV-2 as an example, found that there is no apparent size boundary between expelled particles that fall to the ground quickly versus those that can remain airborne. The simulation showed that after ten seconds of a cough, 5.1% of virus-containing particles were…
Viral Genome Sequencing Places White House COVID-19 Outbreak into Phylogenetic Context
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Genomic sequencing indicated very close similarity between SARS-CoV-2 viruses isolated from two individuals who had separate exposures to the White House but did not share any other known exposures, indicating the White House events and/or personnel were the most likely source of both infections. While the authors conclude the White House was…
October 30, 2020
The Risk of Indoor Sports and Culture Events for the Transmission of COVID-19 (Restart-19)
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study simulating a seated indoor mass gathering event (MGE) found that in scenarios where hygiene protocols and ventilation were good, 0 to 23% of subsequent cases of SARS-CoV-2 were attributable to the MGE. All participants in the simulation wore N95 masks, and three different hygiene protocols were evaluated, ranging from no…
Transmission of SARS-COV-2 Infections in Households — Tennessee and Wisconsin, April–September 2020
A study of household SARS-CoV-2 transmission conducted in Tennessee and Wisconsin indicated that the secondary infection rate among household contacts overall was 53%, and that 75% of secondary infections occurred within 5 days of the onset of the index patient’s illness. Fewer than half of household members with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections reported symptoms at the…
Unravelling the Modes of Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during a Nursing Home Outbreak: Looking beyond the Church Super-Spread Event
A March 2020 outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in a nursing home in the Netherlands following a church service in the nursing home chapel revealed a complex chain of transmission involving the church service, regional circulation of the virus before the outbreak, and several introductions of the virus into the nursing home by visitors. The investigation indicated…
October 29, 2020
Emergence and Spread of a SARS-CoV-2 Variant through Europe in the Summer of 2020
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Phylogenetic analysis found that a SARS-CoV-2 variant has emerged in Spain since mid-July with a frequency over 40%. Sequences in this cluster differ from ancestral sequences at 6 or more positions. The variant spread to multiple European countries, with frequencies increasing from low values prior to mid-July to 40-70% in Switzerland,…
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