Result for
Tag: transmission
October 23, 2020
Viral Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Predictive Value of Repeat Testing
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Prospective longitudinal testing for SARS-CoV-2 among players, staff, and vendors associated with the National Basketball Association (n=68) indicated that on average, individuals with symptomatic infection reached similar peak viral RNA concentrations to those with asymptomatic infection (cycle threshold 22.2 vs. 22.4) within similar amounts of time, but acute shedding lasted longer for…
Frequency and Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Shedding in Oral Fluid Samples Assessed by a Modified Commercial Rapid Molecular Assay
A study using the Simplexa COVID-19 Direct assays on oral fluid found that the assay had high sensitivity and specificity to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Simplexa COVID-19 Direct is a rapid assay platform that does not require additional equipment. The assay was used to test oral fluids and nasopharyngeal swab specimens collected in parallel from 164…
October 22, 2020
A Minimal Model for Household Effects in Epidemics
In incorporating household effects in epidemiologic modeling frameworks, Huber et al. show that R0 depends on household size linearly for small households and as a square root of size for larger households. [EDITORIAL NOTE: A pre-print of this manuscript was summarized in the Lit Rep on July 13, 2020.] Huber et al. (Oct 21, 2020)….
Incidence of Health Care–Associated COVID-19 During Universal Testing of Medical and Surgical Admissions in a Large US Health System
Eight cases of possible incident SARS-CoV-2 were observed during hospitalization or within 14 days post-discharge among 2,992 patients who tested negative on admission to UW Medicine (Washington) hospitals between April 2 and May 14. Further review determined 1 to 6 cases as potential hospital-acquired infections, corresponding to a relatively low incidence of 0.8 to 5…
COVID-19 in a Correctional Facility Employee Following Multiple Brief Exposures to Persons with COVID-19 — Vermont, July–August 2020
A correctional facility officer in Vermont contracted SARS-CoV-2 after multiple brief encounters with 6 SARS-CoV-2 positive incarcerated or detained persons (IDPs) for a cumulative duration of 17 minutes. However, he did not meet the operational definition of a “close contact” in contact tracing investigations, which is being within 6 feet of infectious persons for 15…
Mitigating a COVID-19 Outbreak Among Major League Baseball Players — United States, 2020
An outbreak investigation of players and employees from three Major League Baseball teams did not find any secondary transmission from cases on the index team during field play over 11 hours and 8 minutes with 2 opposing teams. The outbreak had a 14.4% total attack rate (21 of 146 total exposed) from the index patient…
An Estimation of Airborne SARS-CoV-2 Infection Transmission Risk in New York City Nail Salons
An airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission infection risk model for 12 New York City nail salons found the average transmission risk when not wearing face masks was 25% vs 7% when masks were worn. Utilizing previous estimates of outdoor airflow rates, increased outdoor airflow rates in the model strongly correlated with decreased risk, suggesting that businesses should…
Evolution and Effects of COVID-19 Outbreaks in Care Homes: A Population Analysis in 189 Care Homes in One Geographical Region of the UK
A population analysis of 189 care homes in Scotland between March and August found 69 (37%) had a confirmed COVID-19 outbreak, of which almost all (96%) were care homes for older people. The size of care homes for older people was strongly associated with an outbreak (OR per 20-bed increase 3.35, 95% CI 1·99–5.63). 907…
Pasteurization Inactivates SARS-CoV-2 Spiked Breast Milk
Pasteurization was shown to successfully inactivate SARS-CoV-2 in human breast milk. Conzelmann et al. spiked five different virus isolates from Germany, France, and the Netherlands into five individual milk samples. Incubating the milk samples at room temperature for 30 minutes resulted in a 40.9-92.8% drop in viral titers, and after pasteurization no further residual infectivity…
October 19, 2020
Asymptomatic and Presymptomatic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Rates in a Multistate Sample of Skilled Nursing Facilities
SARS-CoV-2 testing surveys among residents of skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) identified that approximately 40% of residents testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 cases were asymptomatic, emphasizing the importance of testing all residents rather than relying on symptom-based screening. Greater numbers of asymptomatic and presymptomatic individuals were detected in SNFs located in areas with high SARS-CoV-2 prevalence. Of…
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