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Tag: vaccine
April 12, 2021
Evidence for Increased Breakthrough Rates of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in BNT162b2 MRNA Vaccinated Individuals
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A case-control study of individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Israel who received the Pfizer vaccine (cases) versus unvaccinated carriers (controls) found that the predominant SARS-CoV-2 variant among vaccine recipients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR result differed depending on their timing in the vaccine course. Compared to controls, vaccinated individuals infected at least…
Early Evidence of COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness within the General Population of California
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Fully immunized individuals (either Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) experienced 86% protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, and partial protection was observed following the first dose (66%) and in the first two weeks after receipt of a second dose (78%) in a case-control study conducted from February 24 to April 7, 2021. Cases were defined by…
Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants by Convalescent and Vaccinated Serum
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Sera from convalescent individuals (n = 44) and individuals who received the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (n = 51) showed reduced neutralization activity against the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants. Among vaccinated individuals, the geometric mean 50% receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody concentration was 1.3-fold lower for the B.1.1.7 variant and 1.4-fold lower for…
April 9, 2021
Poor Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and T-Cell Responses After 2 Injections of mRNA Vaccine in Kidney Transplant Recipients Treated with Belatacept
A study of kidney transplant recipients receiving belatacept (N=101), a drug to prevent organ rejection, found that humoral and T-cell immune response to the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was low. Only 2 patients developed spike antibodies 28 days after the first dose and 2 of 35 patients tested one month after the 2nd dose developed antibodies. A…
Single-Dose BNT162b2 Vaccine Protects against Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection
A study of health care workers (N=~9,000) employed at Cambridge University Hospitals in Great Britain found that 1 dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine was associated with a 4-fold reduction in asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection ≥12 days post-vaccination, from 0.8% to 0.2% [EDITORIAL NOTE: This is equivalent to a 75% vaccine efficacy]. Additionally, the median cycle…
April 8, 2021
Humoral and Cellular Immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 MRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in Nursing Home Residents
Nursing home residents who had a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely than those with no history of infection to have an immunologic response within 1 week of the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNtech vaccine. Among nursing home residents in Belgium, humoral and cellular responses elicited by vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNtech vaccine were detected in…
Single Prime HAd5 Spike (S) + Nucleocapsid (N) Dual Antigen Vaccination of Healthy Volunteers Induces a Ten-Fold Increase in Mean S- and N- T-Cell Responses Equivalent to T-Cell Responses from Patients Previously Infected with SARS-CoV-2
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Phase 1b trials for a novel adenovirus-vector COVID-19 vaccine (hAd5-S-Fusion+N-ETSD developed by ImmunityBio) containing the SARS-CoV-2 antigen spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins demonstrated a 10-fold increase in mean S- and N-specific T-cell responses from patients (n=4) with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection after a single dose. For context, currently approved vaccines only target…
April 7, 2021
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG Responses in Convalescent versus Naïve BNT162b2 Vaccine Recipients
IgG responses measured 14 days after the first and second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine among convalescent individuals (n = 12) and age- and sex-matched individuals with no prior infection (n = 54) showed that convalescent individuals showed higher absolute anti-S1/S2 IgG levels (220 ± 42 vs. 37 ± 3 AU/ml) compared to naïve vaccinees at 14 days after the first dose….
April 5, 2021
Antibody Responses to the BNT162b2 MRNA Vaccine in Individuals Previously Infected with SARS-CoV-2
Among healthcare workers in California who received the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (n = 1,090), spike-specific IgG antibody levels and ACE2 antibody binding inhibition responses were similar between individuals who had been previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and received a single dose (n = 35), and those who had no prior infection and received both vaccine doses (n…
Infection- and Vaccine-Induced Antibody Binding and Neutralization of the B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 Variant
Acutely infected COVID-19 patients and those who received the Moderna vaccine had significantly reduced IgG binding to the B.1.351 variant receptor binding domain (RBD) compared to the B.1-lineage RBD-specific IgG response. However, sera containing polyclonal antibodies to the spike protein could still effectively neutralize B.1.351. Individuals with prior infection or vaccinated individuals had a nearly…
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