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Tag: vaccines
March 2, 2021
Evaluation of a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine NVX-CoV2373 in Younger and Older Adults
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] The two-dose Novavax recombinant nanoparticle vaccine candidate “NVX-CoV2373” induced robust IgG-anti-spike protein and neutralizing antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 in both young and older participants, according to results from a Phase I/II trial (n=1,283). >98% of participants had seroconversion in both age groups fourteen days after the second dose. Reactogenicity was predominantly mild…
March 1, 2021
Exploratory Analysis of Immunization Records Highlights Decreased SARS-CoV-2 Rates in Individuals with Recent Non-COVID-19 Vaccinations
An exploratory analysis of immunization records from the Mayo clinic found that receipt of multiple vaccines within the past five years were associated with protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. In an analysis of medical records from 137,037 individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR , receipt of vaccines for polio, Haemophilus influenzae type-B (HIB), measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), Varicella,…
Interpreting Vaccine Efficacy Trial Results for Infection and Transmission
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] In simulations of randomized trials to estimate the effect of vaccination on transmission, one dose of the Moderna vaccine reduced the potential for transmission by at least 61%. The analysis suggested that the impact of a given vaccine on viral positivity should be assessed separately in symptomatic individuals and positive test results…
Reanalysis of the Pfizer MRNA BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Data Fails to Find Any Increased Efficacy Following the Boost Implications for Vaccination Policy and Our Understanding of the Mode of Action
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study exploring the timing of protection conferred by the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine indicated that the vaccine was effective beginning 11 days following the first dose, suggesting that vaccine protection precedes the full development of neutralizing antibodies. In addition, efficacy did not increase following the second dose (compared to the period between day…
Antibody Response to First BNT162b2 Dose in Previously SARS-CoV-2-Infected Individuals
A nested case-control study of 51 health care workers found that anti-S titers 19-29 days after the first dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine were comparable to peak titers after natural infection. Among those with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination increased anti-S titers more than 140-fold from peak pre-vaccine levels. Prior infection was determined by positive…
Effect of Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Humoral and T-Cell Responses to Single-Dose BNT162b2 Vaccine
Individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection generated strong humoral and cellular responses following a single dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, according to an analysis of specimens from healthcare workers in the UK (n = 72). Individuals who had not been previously infected showed weaker T-cell responses and generated lower neutralizing antibody titers (median 615.1 vs. 16353…
February 25, 2021
Evidence of Escape of SARS-CoV-2 Variant B.1.351 from Natural and Vaccine Induced Sera
Neutralizing antibody titers were lower in assays against the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 variant compared to an early isolate from Wuhan across several sample sources. The geometric mean neutralizing titers were lower by 13.3-fold in convalescent plasma from patients infected during the first wave in the UK (n=34), by 3.1-fold in sera from patients infected with the…
BNT162b2 MRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Mass Vaccination Setting
In an observational study of the mass vaccination campaigns in Israel, real world effectiveness of the Pfizer vaccine 7 or more days after the second dose was 92% for documented SARS-CoV-2 infection, 94% for symptomatic infection, 87% for hospitalization, and 92% for severe disease. The study included 596,618 individuals matched to unvaccinated controls in a…
February 24, 2021
Healthcare Personnel Knowledge Motivations Concerns and Intentions Regarding COVID-19 Vaccines a Cross-Sectional Survey
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A cross-sectional survey of healthcare professionals (HCP) (n=2,448) from three Northern California medical centers conducted from November 16-December 8, 2020 indicated that overall enthusiasm for the COVID-19 vaccine was strong, and more HCP (69%) said they would definitely/likely receive vaccine if it were formally FDA-approved versus if it were approved via emergency…
SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Sensitivity to MRNA Vaccine-Elicited, Convalescent and Monoclonal Antibodies
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] An assessment of immune responses following a single dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (BNT162b2) vaccine using pseudoviruses expressing the wild-type Spike protein or the B.1.1.7 spike protein showed that the vaccine-elicited antibodies modestly reduced activity against the B.1.1.7 variant. This reduction was also observed in sera from some convalescent patients and with…
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